Dataset Information

Brain Penetrable Inhibitors of Ceramide Galactosyltransferase for the Treatment of Lysosomal Storage Disorders.

ABSTRACT: Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a rare, genetic lysosomal storage disorder caused by the deficiency of arylsulfatase A enzyme, which results in the accumulation of sulfatide in the lysosomes of the tissues of central and peripheral nervous systems, leading to progressive demyelination and neurodegeneration. Currently there is no cure for this disease, and the only approved therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplant, has limitations. We proposed substrate reduction therapy (SRT) as a novel approach to treat this disease, by inhibiting ceramide galactosyltransferase enzyme (UGT8). This resulted in the identification of a thienopyridine scaffold as a starting point to initiate medicinal chemistry. Further optimization of hit compound 1 resulted in the identification of brain penetrable, orally bioavailable compound 19, which showed efficacy in the in vivo pharmacodynamic models, indicating the potential to treat MLD with UGT8 inhibitors.

SUBMITTER: Thurairatnam S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7549271 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Brain Penetrable Inhibitors of Ceramide Galactosyltransferase for the Treatment of Lysosomal Storage Disorders.

Thurairatnam Sukanthini S Lim Sungtaek S Barker Robert H RH Choi-Sledeski Yong Mi YM Hirth Bradford H BH Jiang John J Macor John E JE Makino Elina E Maniar Sachin S Musick Kwon K Pribish James R JR Munson Mark M

ACS medicinal chemistry letters 20200616 10

Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a rare, genetic lysosomal storage disorder caused by the deficiency of arylsulfatase A enzyme, which results in the accumulation of sulfatide in the lysosomes of the tissues of central and peripheral nervous systems, leading to progressive demyelination and neurodegeneration. Currently there is no cure for this disease, and the only approved therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplant, has limitations. We proposed substrate reduction therapy (SRT) as a novel ...[more]

PMID: 33062186

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Project description:Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a large group of more than 50 different inherited metabolic diseases which, in the great majority of cases, result from the defective function of specific lysosomal enzymes and, in few cases, of non-enzymatic lysosomal proteins or non-lysosomal proteins involved in lysosomal biogenesis. The progressive lysosomal accumulation of undegraded metabolites results in generalised cell and tissue dysfunction, and, therefore, multi-systemic pathology. Storage may begin during early embryonic development, and the clinical presentation for LSDs can vary from an early and severe phenotype to late-onset mild disease. The diagnosis of most LSDs--after accurate clinical/paraclinical evaluation, including the analysis of some urinary metabolites--is based mainly on the detection of a specific enzymatic deficiency. In these cases, molecular genetic testing (MGT) can refine the enzymatic diagnosis. Once the genotype of an individual LSD patient has been ascertained, genetic counselling should include prediction of the possible phenotype and the identification of carriers in the family at risk. MGT is essential for the identification of genetic disorders resulting from non-enzymatic lysosomal protein defects and is complementary to biochemical genetic testing (BGT) in complex situations, such as in cases of enzymatic pseudodeficiencies. Prenatal diagnosis is performed on the most appropriate samples, which include fresh or cultured chorionic villus sampling or cultured amniotic fluid. The choice of the test--enzymatic and/or molecular--is based on the characteristics of the defect to be investigated. For prenatal MGT, the genotype of the family index case must be known. The availability of both tests, enzymatic and molecular, enormously increases the reliability of the entire prenatal diagnostic procedure. To conclude, BGT and MGT are mostly complementary for post- and prenatal diagnosis of LSDs. Whenever genotype/phenotype correlations are available, they can be helpful in prognosis and in making decisions about therapy.

Dataset Information

Brain Penetrable Inhibitors of Ceramide Galactosyltransferase for the Treatment of Lysosomal Storage Disorders.

Publications

Brain Penetrable Inhibitors of Ceramide Galactosyltransferase for the Treatment of Lysosomal Storage Disorders.

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