Dataset Information

Changes in the Gut Microbiota are Associated with Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japanese Subjects.

ABSTRACT: The human gut microbiota is involved in host health and disease development. Therefore, lifestyle-related diseases such as hypertension (HT), hyperlipidemia (HL), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) may alter the composition of gut microbiota. Here, we investigated gut microbiota changes related to these diseases and their coexistence. This study involved 239 Japanese subjects, including healthy controls (HC). The fecal microbiota was analyzed through the isolation of bacterial genomic DNA obtained from fecal samples. Although there were no significant differences in the microbial structure between groups, there was a significant difference in the α-diversity between HC and the patients in whom two diseases coexisted. Moreover, Actinobacteria levels were significantly increased, whereas Bacteroidetes levels were significantly decreased in all disease groups. At the genus level, Bifidobacterium levels were significantly increased in the HL and T2D groups, as were those of Collinsella in all disease groups. In contrast, Alistipes levels were significantly lower in the HL group. Furthermore, metabolic enzyme families were significantly increased in all disease groups. Interestingly, the structure and function of the gut microbiota showed similar profiles in all the studied diseases. In conclusion, several changes in the structure of the gut microbiota are associated with T2D, HT, and HL in Japanese subjects.

SUBMITTER: Takagi T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7601322 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Changes in the Gut Microbiota are Associated with Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japanese Subjects.

Takagi Tomohisa T Naito Yuji Y Kashiwagi Saori S Uchiyama Kazuhiko K Mizushima Katsura K Kamada Kazuhiro K Ishikawa Takeshi T Inoue Ryo R Okuda Kayo K Tsujimoto Yoshimasa Y Ohnogi Hiromu H Itoh Yoshito Y

Nutrients 20200930 10

The human gut microbiota is involved in host health and disease development. Therefore, lifestyle-related diseases such as hypertension (HT), hyperlipidemia (HL), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) may alter the composition of gut microbiota. Here, we investigated gut microbiota changes related to these diseases and their coexistence. This study involved 239 Japanese subjects, including healthy controls (HC). The fecal microbiota was analyzed through the isolation of bacterial genomic DNA obtain ...[more]

PMID: 33007825

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Project description:Evidence shows urine specimens from different women have different populations of bacteria. The co-occurrence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia in those with diabetes may alter the composition of urine and the microenviroment of the bladder in which bacteria live. The aim of this study was to characterize the urinary microbiota in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus only and those with diabetes plus hypertension and/or hyperlipidemia, and to explore whether the composition of the urinary microbiota is affected by fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipids. We enrolled 28 individuals with diabetes only, 24 with diabetes plus hypertension, 7 with diabetes plus hyperlipidemia, and 11 with diabetes plus both hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Modified midstream urine collection technique was designed to obtain urine specimens. Bacterial genomic DNA was isolated using magnetic beads and the urinary microbiota was analyzed using the Illumina MiSeq Sequencing System based on the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. Among the four cohorts, the diabetes plus hypertension cohort had the highest relative abundance of Proteobacteria. In contrast, the diabetes plus hyperlipidemia cohort had the lowest relative abundance of Proteobacteria. In addition, Escherichia and Gardnerella were not found in the diabetes plus hyperlipidemia cohort but they were found in all of the other cohorts. Cetobacterium was only present in the diabetes plus hypertension cohort. The most abundant bacteria in the diabetes only and diabetes plus hyperlipidemia cohorts was Lactobacillus, while Prevotella was the most abundant bacteria in the diabetes plus hypertension and diabetes plus hypertension and hyperlipidemia cohorts. Moreover, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was significantly lower in the diabetes plus hypertension cohort than in the diabetes only and diabetes plus hyperlipidemia cohorts. Several bacteria were correlated with the participants' fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipids. In conclusion, hypertension and/or hyperlipidemia and other patient factors can affect the composition of the urinary microbiota in those with diabetes. The insights from this study could be used to develop microbiota-based treatment for comorbid conditions, including urinary tract infections, in those with diabetes.

Project description:BackgroundChildhood obesity is a serious public health concern that confers a greater risk of developing important comorbidities such as MetS and T2DM. Recent studies evidence that gut microbiota may be a contributing factor; however, only few studies exist in school-age children. Understanding the potential role of gut microbiota in MetS and T2DM pathophysiology from early stages of life might contribute to innovative gut microbiome-based interventions that may improve public health. The main objective of the present study was to characterize and compare gut bacteria of T2DM and MetS children against control subjects and determine which microorganisms might be potentially related with cardiometabolic risk factors to propose gut microbial biomarkers that characterize these conditions for future development of pre-diagnostic tools.ResultsStool samples from 21 children with T2DM, 25 with MetS, and 20 controls (n = 66) were collected and processed to conduct 16S rDNA gene sequencing. α- and β-diversity were studied to detect microbial differences among studied groups. Spearman correlation was used to analyze possible associations between gut microbiota and cardiometabolic risk factors, and linear discriminant analyses (LDA) were conducted to determine potential gut bacterial biomarkers. T2DM and MetS showed significant changes in their gut microbiota at genus and family level. Read relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and Oscillospora was significantly higher in MetS and an increasing trend of Prevotella and Dorea was observed from the control group towards T2DM. Positive correlations were found between Prevotella, Dorea, Faecalibacterium, and Lactobacillus with hypertension, abdominal obesity, high glucose levels, and high triglyceride levels. LDA demonstrated the relevance of studying least abundant microbial communities to find specific microbial communities that were characteristic of each studied health condition.ConclusionsGut microbiota was different at family and genus taxonomic levels among controls, MetS, and T2DM study groups within children from 7 to 17 years old, and some communities seemed to be correlated with relevant subjects' metadata. LDA helped to find potential microbial biomarkers, providing new insights regarding pediatric gut microbiota and its possible use in the future development of gut microbiome-based predictive algorithms.

Project description:Aims/hypothesisThe gut microbiota play crucial roles in the digestion and degradation of nutrients, synthesis of biological agents, development of the immune system, and maintenance of gastrointestinal integrity. Gut dysbiosis is thought to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), one of the world's fastest growing diseases. The aim of this systematic review is to identify differences in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota in individuals with T2DM.MethodsA systematic search was conducted to identify studies reporting on the difference in gut microbiota composition between individuals with T2DM and healthy controls. Relevant studies were evaluated, and their characteristics and results were extracted using a standardized data extraction form. The studies were assessed for risk of bias and their findings were reported narratively.Results58 observational studies published between 2010 and 2024 were included. Beta diversity was commonly reported to be different between individuals with T2DM and healthy individuals. Genera Lactobacillus, Escherichia-Shigella, Enterococcus, Subdoligranulum and Fusobacteria were found to be positively associated; while Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Roseburia, Faecalibacteirum and Prevotella were found to be negatively associated with T2DM.ConclusionsThis systematic review demonstrates a strong association between T2DM and gut dysbiosis, as evidenced by differential microbial abundances and altered diversity indices. Among these taxa, Escherichia-Shigella is consistently associated with T2DM, whereas Faecalibacterium prausnitzii appears to offer a protective effect against T2DM. However, the heterogeneity and observational nature of these studies preclude the establishment of causative relationships. Future research should incorporate age, diet and medication-matched controls, and include functional analysis of these gut microbes.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023459937.

Dataset Information

Changes in the Gut Microbiota are Associated with Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japanese Subjects.

Publications

Changes in the Gut Microbiota are Associated with Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japanese Subjects.

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