Dataset Information

Dietary patterns in North and South India: a comparison with EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Environmentally sustainable diets are represented in the EAT-Lancet recommendations developed by the Lancet Commission on Planetary Health in 2019. Very few studies have compared Indian diets with the EAT-Lancet recommendations. The present study performed such a comparison using primary dietary consumption data from adults in north and south India.

Methods

Data from 8762 adults (52.4 ± 11.7 years) residing in Sonipat and Vizag India were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, wealth index (household assets) and dietary intake (food frequency questionnaire: nine food groups). The quantity consumed and energy from each food group was compared with the EAT-Lancet recommendations. We investigated the likelihood of deficit or excess in consumption compared to the EAT-Lancet recommendations by different sociodemographic factors.

Results

Half of the participants were women and half resided in rural areas. Vegetables and fruits were consumed in lower quantity, whereas dairy and added fats were consumed in higher quantity than recommended by the EAT-Lancet recommendations. For whole grains, female gender and poorest wealth index were the factors associated with deficit or no consumption, whereas, for vegetables and fruits, it was poorest wealth index and residence in rural areas (p < 0.05, all). Rural residence and poorest wealth index were associated with excess consumption of dairy and added fats (p < 0.05, all).

Conclusions

The diets of the study participants were mainly plant-based, and high in dairy but lacking in nutrient-rich foods such as vegetables and fruits. Appropriate policy actions for making healthy sustainable diets and micronutrient-rich foods available and affordable to all with a particular focus on the poor and rural populations are warranted.

SUBMITTER: Ganpule A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7616295 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Dietary patterns in North and South India: a comparison with EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations.

Ganpule Anjali A Dubey Manisha M Pandey Himanshi H Green Rosemary R Brown Kerry Ann KA Srinivasapura Venkateshmurthy Nikhil N Jarhyan Prashant P Maddury Avinav Prasad AP Khatkar Rajesh R Prabhakaran Dorairaj D Mohan Sailesh S

Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association 20230809 6

<h4>Background</h4>Environmentally sustainable diets are represented in the EAT-Lancet recommendations developed by the Lancet Commission on Planetary Health in 2019. Very few studies have compared Indian diets with the EAT-Lancet recommendations. The present study performed such a comparison using primary dietary consumption data from adults in north and south India.<h4>Methods</h4>Data from 8762 adults (52.4 ± 11.7 years) residing in Sonipat and Vizag India were collected on sociodemographic c ...[more]

PMID: 37555567

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Project description:BackgroundThere is increasing focus on moving populations towards healthier and more environmentally sustainable dietary patterns. The Australian Dietary Guidelines provide dietary patterns that promote health and wellbeing. It is unclear how these guidelines align with the more recently published global recommendations of the EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Reference Diet, and how Australian diets compare to both sets of recommendations.MethodsData from one 24-h recall collected for the 2011-13 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey were analysed for 5,920 adults aged 19-50 years. Subgroups of this population were identified by diet quality and lower or higher consumption of foods often considered to be environmentally intensive (higher animal meat and dairy foods) or associated with healthiness (higher vegetables and lower discretionary choices). Food group and nutrient composition of Australian diets were compared to diets modelled on the Australian Dietary Guidelines and Planetary Health Reference Diet. The environmental impacts of diets were estimated using an index of combined metrics.ResultsCompared with the Planetary Health Reference Diet, the Australian Dietary Guidelines contained more servings of the vegetable, dairy and alternatives, fruit, and discretionary choices. The amount of meat and alternatives was higher in the Planetary Health Reference Diet than Australian Dietary Guidelines due to the inclusion of more plant-based meat alternatives. The average Australian diet contained two to almost four times the Australian Dietary Guidelines and Planetary Health Reference Diet maximum recommended intake of discretionary choices, and provided inadequate amounts of the vegetables, cereals, unsaturated fats and meats and alternatives food groups, primarily due to lower intakes of plant-based alternatives. The average Australian diet also contained less dairy and alternatives than the Australian Dietary Guidelines. In the average Australian diet, red meat and poultry contributed 73% to the total servings of meat and alternatives compared to 33% and 10% for the Australian Dietary Guidelines and Planetary Health Reference Diet respectively. The modelled Australian Dietary Guidelines diet met the relevant nutrient reference value for all 22 nutrients examined, whereas the Planetary Health Reference Diet contained an inadequate amount of calcium. The environmental impact scores of the Planetary Health Reference Diet and Australian Dietary Guidelines were 31% and 46% lower than the average Australian diet.ConclusionsSignificant changes are required for Australians' dietary intake to align more closely with national and global dietary recommendations for health and environmental sustainability.

Project description:BackgroundMeasuring adherence to EAT-Lancet recommendations for healthy and sustainable diets is challenging, leading to diverse methods and a lack of consensus on standardized metrics. Available indices vary mainly in scoring systems, food components, units, energy adjustments, and cut-off points.ObjectivesTo evaluate and compare the measurement performance of 9 dietary indices for assessing adherence to EAT-Lancet reference diet.MethodsThis cross-sectional study utilized repeated 24-h dietary recall data from 1723 adults in the French Third Individual and National Study on Food Consumption Survey (INCA3, 2014-2015). Sociodemographic, nutritional, and environmental variables were analyzed to assess the validity and reliability of dietary indices.ResultsThe 4 indices assessing their food components with proportional scoring captured dietary variability, were less dependent on energy intake and converged to a large extent with nutritional indicators. Although the 3 binary indices showed a stronger correlation with environmental indicators, 1 proportional index converged with both domains. Indices had valid unidimensional structures, meaning that the combination of food components within each index accurately reflected the same construct, supporting the use of total scores. Furthermore, the indices differed between sociodemographic groups, demonstrating concurrent-criterion validity. Higher scores were associated with higher nutritional quality and lower environmental impact, but with unfavorable results for zinc intake, vitamin B12, and water use. A low concordance rate (32%-43%) indicated that indices categorized individuals differently.ConclusionsResearchers must align study objectives with the applicability, assumptions, and significance of chosen indices. Indices using proportional scoring allow a global understanding of dietary health and sustainability, being advantageous in precision-focused research (for example, clinical trials or epidemiological research). Conversely, indices based on binary scoring offer a simplified perspective, serving as valuable tools for surveys, observational studies, and public health. Recognizing their strengths and limitations is crucial for a comprehensive assessment of diets and their implications.

Dataset Information

Dietary patterns in North and South India: a comparison with EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Dietary patterns in North and South India: a comparison with EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations.

Similar Datasets

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