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The neural correlates of inhibitory control in 10-month-old infants: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

ABSTRACT: Inhibitory control, a core executive function, emerges in infancy and develops rapidly across childhood. Methodological limitations have meant that studies investigating the neural correlates underlying inhibitory control in infancy are rare. Employing functional near-infrared spectroscopy alongside a novel touchscreen task that measures response inhibition, this study aimed to uncover the neural underpinnings of inhibitory control in 10-month-old infants (N = 135). We found that when inhibition was required, the right prefrontal and parietal cortices were more activated than when there was no inhibitory demand. This demonstrates that inhibitory control in infants as young as 10 months of age is supported by similar brain areas as in older children and adults. With this study we have lowered the age-boundary for localising the neural substrates of response inhibition to the first year of life.

SUBMITTER: Fiske A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7616317 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The neural correlates of inhibitory control in 10-month-old infants: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Fiske Abigail A de Klerk Carina C Lui Katie Y K KYK Collins-Jones Liam L Hendry Alexandra A Greenhalgh Isobel I Hall Anna A Scerif Gaia G Dvergsdal Henrik H Holmboe Karla K

NeuroImage 20220507

Inhibitory control, a core executive function, emerges in infancy and develops rapidly across childhood. Methodological limitations have meant that studies investigating the neural correlates underlying inhibitory control in infancy are rare. Employing functional near-infrared spectroscopy alongside a novel touchscreen task that measures response inhibition, this study aimed to uncover the neural underpinnings of inhibitory control in 10-month-old infants (N = 135). We found that when inhibition ...[more]

PMID: 35537598

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Project description:IntroductionMany people spend a considerable amount of time performing intellectual activities within auditory environments that affect work efficiency. To investigate auditory environments that improve working efficiency, we investigated the relationship between brain activity and performance of the number memory task in environments with and without white noise using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).MethodsTwenty-nine healthy subjects (aged 21.9 ± 1.4 years) performed the number memory task in both the white noise and silent environments. Cerebral blood flow changes during the task were measured using an ETG-7100 fNIRS system (Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The psychological states of the subjects were also estimated by subjective ratings of the pleasantness of the auditory environment. Then, they were divided into three groups based on their task scores. The differences in the cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes, functional connection strength, and the subjects' feelings of pleasantness to the noise between the subject groups were analyzed and discussed.ResultsThe first group felt that the white noise was pleasant, which strengthened the bilateral functional connections between the brain regions related to the memory task. Therefore, the subjects' task performance improved in the white noise environment. Although the second group felt that the white noise was uncomfortable, the frontal regions related to attention control were more activated in the white noise environment to sustain the task performance in the noisy environment. The third group felt that the white noise was unpleasant, and their CBF decreased in that environment, which was associated with deteriorated task performance.ConclusionsTask performance was closely related to the subjects' feelings of pleasantness to the noise. The results of the analysis of the CBF changes and functional connectivity suggested that the effects of the white noise on brain activity differed among the three groups.

Dataset Information

The neural correlates of inhibitory control in 10-month-old infants: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Publications

The neural correlates of inhibitory control in 10-month-old infants: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

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