Ca²⁺-activated mitochondrial biogenesis and functions improve stem cell fate in Rg3-treated human mesenchymal stem cells.

ABSTRACT: Although mitochondrial functions are essential for cell survival, their critical roles in stem cell fate, including proliferation, differentiation, and senescence, remain elusive. Ginsenoside Rg3 exhibits various biological activities and reportedly increases mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration. Herein, we observed that Rg3 increased proliferation and suppressed senescence of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Osteogenic, but not adipogenic, differentiation was facilitated by Rg3 treatment. Rg3 suppressed reactive oxygen species production and upregulated mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase. Consistently, Rg3 strongly augmented basal and ATP synthesis-linked respiration with high spare respiratory capacity. Rg3 treatment elev

SUBMITTER: Hong T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7640456 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature