Dataset Information

Low-volume high-intensity interval training improves cardiometabolic health, work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals: a randomized-controlled trial sub-study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Obesity is associated with impaired health and lower work ability. Increased physical activity is a cornerstone in the treatment of obesity and related risk factors. Recently, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a popular exercise option. However, data regarding the effects on cardiometabolic health, perceived work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals are lacking.

Methods

Sixty-five obese individuals with sedentary occupation (48.7 ± 9.9 years, BMI: 39.6 ± 7.1 kg/m²) were randomly allocated to an extremely time-efficient HIIT (5 × 1 min at 80-95% maximal heart rate on cycle ergometers, 2×/week for 12 weeks) or an inactive control group (CON). Both groups received nutritional counseling to support weight loss. Primary outcome was maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max), secondary outcomes were cardiometabolic risk indices, body composition, work ability index (WAI), quality of life (QoL, EQ-5D-5L-questionnaire) and perceived stress (PSQ-questionnaire).

Results

Mean body weight reduction was 5.3 kg [95% confidence interval (95% CI) - 7.3 to - 3.3 kg] in the HIIT group (P < 0.001) and 3.7 kg (95% CI - 5.3 to - 2.1 kg) in CON (P < 0.001), respectively. Only the HIIT group showed significant (P < 0.001) changes in VO_2max [+ 3.5 mL/kg/min (95% CI 2.5 to 4.6 mL/kg/min)], waist circumference [-7.5 cm (95% CI - 9.8 to - 5.1 kg)], mean arterial blood pressure [- 11 mmHg (95% CI - 14 to - 8 mmHg)], WAI [+ 3.0 points (95% CI 1.7 to 4.3 points)] and QoL [+ 10% (95% CI 5 to 16%)]. In CON, none of these parameters improved significantly.

Conclusions

Low-volume HIIT may induce significant improvements in cardiometabolic health, especially VO_2max, WAI and well-being in obese individuals after only 12 weeks. Our results underpin the wide range of benefits on health and subjective measures through exercise that go well beyond simple weight loss through dietary restriction alone.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Id: NCT03306069. Registered 10 October 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03306069 .

SUBMITTER: Reljic D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7648946 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Low-volume high-intensity interval training improves cardiometabolic health, work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals: a randomized-controlled trial sub-study.

Reljic Dejan D Frenk Fabienne F Herrmann Hans J HJ Neurath Markus F MF Zopf Yurdagül Y

Journal of translational medicine 20201107 1

<h4>Background</h4>Obesity is associated with impaired health and lower work ability. Increased physical activity is a cornerstone in the treatment of obesity and related risk factors. Recently, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a popular exercise option. However, data regarding the effects on cardiometabolic health, perceived work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals are lacking.<h4>Methods</h4>Sixty-five obese individuals with sedentary occupation (48.7 ± 9 ...[more]

PMID: 33160382

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Project description:PurposeTo compare the effects of six weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) vs continuous moderate intensity training (MIT) for improving body composition, insulin sensitivity (SI), blood pressure, blood lipids, and cardiovascular fitness in a cohort of sedentary overweight or obese young men. We hypothesized that HIIT would result in similar improvements in body composition, cardiovascular fitness, blood lipids, and SI as compared to the MIT group, despite requiring only one hour of activity per week compared to five hours per week for the MIT group.Methods28 sedentary overweight or obese men (age, 20 ± 1.5 years, body mass index 29.5 ± 3.3 kg/m2) participated in a six week exercise treatment. Participants were randomly assigned to HIIT or MIT and evaluated at baseline and post-training. DXA was used to assess body composition, graded treadmill exercise test to measure cardiovascular fitness, oral glucose tolerance to measure SI, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess lipoprotein particles, and automatic auscultation to measure blood pressure.ResultsA greater improvement in VO2peak was observed in MIT compared to HIIT (11.1% vs 2.83%, P = 0.0185) in the complete-case analysis. No differences were seen in the intention to treat analysis, and no other group differences were observed. Both exercise conditions were associated with temporal improvements in % body fat, total cholesterol, medium VLDL, medium HDL, triglycerides, SI, and VO2peak (P < 0.05).ConclusionParticipation in HIIT or MIT exercise training displayed: 1) improved SI, 2) reduced blood lipids, 3) decreased % body fat, and 4) improved cardiovascular fitness. While both exercise groups led to similar improvements for most cardiometabolic risk factors assessed, MIT led to a greater improvement in overall cardiovascular fitness. Overall, these observations suggest that a relatively short duration of either HIIT or MIT training may improve cardiometabolic risk factors in previously sedentary overweight or obese young men, with no clear advantage between these two specific regimes (Clinical Trial Registry number NCT01935323).Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01935323.

Project description:BackgroundThe number of exercise trials examining cardiometabolic outcomes in spinal cord injury (SCI) is low, and prescribed exercise is often inconvenient for individuals with SCI to perform within their community. Individuals with SCI experience a myriad of barriers to exercise participation, which can include a lack of time, accessible or usable equipment and facilities, and transportation. Thus, it is imperative to identify effective modes of exercise that provide the greatest overall health benefits but do not require a significant time commitment. Low-volume high intensity interval training (HIIT) has demonstrated the same improvements in cardiometabolic health as moderate intensity exercise training (MIT), despite only requiring 20% of the total time commitment in adults without disabilities and more recently in individuals with SCI.ObjectivesThe primary purpose of this study is to integrate a 16 week home-based telehealth HIIT arm crank exercise training program in individuals with SCI and assess changes in cardiometabolic health.MethodsMen and women between the ages of 19 and 60 with a confirmed diagnosis of SCI between C7 and T12 will be recruited for this study. Participants will be randomized to 16 weeks of telehealth HIIT exercise two days per week or a no-exercise control group. Aerobic capacity, muscular strength, blood lipids, glucose tolerance, resting energy expenditure, blood pressure, and body composition will be assessed at baseline and 16 weeks post-training.DiscussionInactivity associated with SCI leads to chronic cardiometabolic health conditions. The majority of exercise interventions to date show that exercise is capable of increasing physical function, aerobic capacity, and muscle mass, and strength. Additionally, we have recently shown the ability of HIIT to improve blood lipid and glucose concentrations. Advances in telehealth exercise approaches have improved the capability to prescribe home-based exercise programs. Therefore, we hypothesize that the utilization of a home-based telehealth HIIT program will improve cardiometabolic health markers, yield high adherence (> 75%), and will be more enjoyable in individuals with SCI.Trial registrationTelehealth High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Cardiometabolic Health in Spinal Cord Injury NCT04940598.

Dataset Information

Low-volume high-intensity interval training improves cardiometabolic health, work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals: a randomized-controlled trial sub-study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Trial registration

Publications

Low-volume high-intensity interval training improves cardiometabolic health, work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals: a randomized-controlled trial sub-study.

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