Project description:IntroductionAs effective growth-promoters and immune-modulators, yeast fermented products have shown positive effects in ruminants. To explore the mechanisms of yeast culture promoting growth and regulating immunity, this study investigated the effects of yeast culture, and β-glucan as one of its main active ingredients, on the growth performance, immune function, antioxidant capacity and hormonal profile in Mongolian ram lambs.MethodsOne hundred and five Mongolian ram lambs were randomly assigned to 3 groups, with 35 replicates in each group. The dietary treatments were: total mixed ration (TMR) as the control group, TMR supplemented with 50-70 g/kg yeast culture (YC) or 75 mg/kg β-glucan. The test period was 137 days. All the sheep were weighed and 6 serum samples were collected in each group on days 0, 30, 60, 90 and 130, respectively.ResultsThe results showed that both YC and β-glucan could promote the growth performance with increased average daily gain and decreased feed to weight gain ratio. Moreover, these two feed additives facilitated the immune function by selectively increasing the serum levels of lysozyme, IgG, IgM, INF-γ, TNF-α and some interleukins (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8); ameliorated the antioxidant capacity with higher total antioxidant capacity and enzyme activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase; altered the metabolism-associated hormone levels with higher growth hormone and thyroid hormone T3 but lower cortisol and insulin.DiscussionIn conclusion, both YC and β-glucan could improve the growth performance, immune function and antioxidant capacity, and regulate the serum levels of metabolism-associated hormones, thus exerting effects of promoting growth and improving immune function. Therefore, YC could be considered as a suitable potential alternative strategy to antibiotics and be used as an animal feed additive. This article provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of such yeast fermented preparations in mutton sheep husbandry.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Vasectomized men who wish for restoration of fertility commonly face problems to conceive despite high surgical success rates of vasovasostomy, a surgery routinely used to retrieve duct patency. In human, vasectomy has consequences on the epididymal transcriptome and is responsible for non-reversible changes that affect the biochemical parameters and functions of ejaculated sperm in vasovasotomized men. Since microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression, we explored the consequences of vasectomy on miRNA pattern in the human epididymis and determined the repercussion and reversibility of these changes in seminal microvesicles (SMVs) from semen of vasovasostomized men. METHOD: miRNA signatures from a unique set of human epididymal segments (caput, corpus, cauda) provided by controls and vasectomized donors as well as miRNA content of SMVs isolated from semen of normal, vasectomized and vasovasostomized donors were determined by using high-throughput microarray technology. Epididymal miRNA signature was correlated with gene expression profiles by employing an integrated genomic approach. RESULTS: While the segmented pattern of miRNA expression was maintained along the human epididymis following vasectomy, the array of miRNAs from each anatomical region significantly differed between normal and vasectomized donors. Greatest changes were observed in cauda epididymidis and were negatively correlated with transcription factors. Vasectomy also impacted expression of miRNAs found in SMVs from normal donors, including miRNAs of epididymal origin contained in epididymosomes. Among seminal miRNAs sequelae, 52 were reversible according to miRNA expression level following duct patency retrieval. In contrast, 66 of miRNAs found in SMVs were not retrieved in SMVs after vasovasostomy. CONCLUSION: We showed that vasectomy has a substantial impact on the miRNA signature of the epididymis and SMVs, and that vasovasostomy does not restore all molecular players found in normal fertile individuals. According to the critical role played by miRNAs in the control of male fertility, we believe that miRNA sequelae occurring upstream and downstream of the vasectomy site may be in part responsible for the reduced fertility outcome reported after surgically successful vasectomy reversal.

Project description:To understand stored evidence and the insertion in genetic databases is important in forensic investigations. Blood, pre- and post-vasectomy semen from 90 fertile male individuals, aged 24 to 45, were donated for research after informed consent. The semen samples were stored in the form of 30 µL stains on cotton fabric, for 16 years at room temperature in the laboratory. As well as the seminal fluid post vasectomy stains, which were performed after microscopy analyzes and certainty of the absence of spermatozoon. The pre vasectomy stains contained mainly haploid spermatozoon and the post vasectomy stains diploid epithelial cells and leukocytes. DNA extraction was performed with magnetic resin, followed by quantification and analysis of degradation of DNA. In this study we analyze these genetic profiles of DNA from stains on cotton fabric, using two Short Tandem Repeat multiplex systems, the PowerPlex Fusion 6C and Y23. Electrophoresis was performed on a 3500xL and analyzed using the Gene Mapper ID-X software. The genetic profiles of the 90 individuals were fully amplified in pre-vasectomy and partially in post-vasectomy stain samples, using the both multiplex systems. The results provide information about 0.25 cm2 semen stains on cotton fabric from 90 individuals, correlating concentration, degradation, and allele analysis. It also provides an understanding of the cells present in semen stains and the implications of individual factors. In the stains of post-vasectomy samples the small quantity of DNA was one of the limiting factors, in addition to degradation. Considering that all evaluations were carried out in a laboratory that has a quality control certificate and audited for being part of the national genetic profile database, the results were very consistent. Many aspects of the semen samples stored in the form of stains on cotton fabric have been clarified. The performance and sensitivity of the amplification systems used in the genotyping of azoospermic individuals were assessed. Conclusions: Genetic profiles were satisfactorily amplified in pre-vasectomy stain samples, and partially amplified in post-vasectomy stain samples, stored for almost two decades at room temperature in a tropical country. The small amount of DNA was one of the limitations in post-vasectomy stain samples, in addition to degradation and fragmentation. There are no publications in the literature on PowerPlex Fusion 6C and Y23 analyses using blood, sperm, and seminal fluids of the same individual, much less in the form of stains. This study can serve as a benchmark for the tracking analyses of stored samples. In addition, it anticipates a few social issues related to the analysis of post-vasectomy samples in forensic cases, most notably sex crimes.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Vasectomized men who wish for restoration of fertility commonly face problems to conceive despite high surgical success rates of vasovasostomy, a surgery routinely used to retrieve duct patency. In human, vasectomy has consequences on the epididymal transcriptome and is responsible for non-reversible changes that affect the biochemical parameters and functions of ejaculated sperm in vasovasotomized men. Since microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression, we explored the consequences of vasectomy on miRNA pattern in the human epididymis and determined the repercussion and reversibility of these changes in seminal microvesicles (SMVs) from semen of vasovasostomized men. METHOD: miRNA signatures from a unique set of human epididymal segments (caput, corpus, cauda) provided by controls and vasectomized donors as well as miRNA content of SMVs isolated from semen of normal, vasectomized and vasovasostomized donors were determined by using high-throughput microarray technology. Epididymal miRNA signature was correlated with gene expression profiles by employing an integrated genomic approach. RESULTS: While the segmented pattern of miRNA expression was maintained along the human epididymis following vasectomy, the array of miRNAs from each anatomical region significantly differed between normal and vasectomized donors. Greatest changes were observed in cauda epididymidis and were negatively correlated with transcription factors. Vasectomy also impacted expression of miRNAs found in SMVs from normal donors, including miRNAs of epididymal origin contained in epididymosomes. Among seminal miRNAs sequelae, 52 were reversible according to miRNA expression level following duct patency retrieval. In contrast, 66 of miRNAs found in SMVs were not retrieved in SMVs after vasovasostomy. CONCLUSION: We showed that vasectomy has a substantial impact on the miRNA signature of the epididymis and SMVs, and that vasovasostomy does not restore all molecular players found in normal fertile individuals. According to the critical role played by miRNAs in the control of male fertility, we believe that miRNA sequelae occurring upstream and downstream of the vasectomy site may be in part responsible for the reduced fertility outcome reported after surgically successful vasectomy reversal. Human epididymides from 3 control (26, 47 and 50 years old. GEO accession number GSE35522) and 3 vasectomized donors (45, 47 and 48 years old), were collected and dissected into 3 anatomical regions (caput, corpus and cauda). Seminal microvesicles (SMVs) were isolated from the semen of normal (pool of 3 donnors), vasectomized (pool of 3 donnors) and vasovasostomized donors (pool of 5 donnors). A cross-comparison between the miRNA signature found in different segments and seminal vesicles was performed using GeneChip miRNA Array 2.0 (Affimetrix, Santa Clara, CA).

Dataset Information

Vasectomy and Photoperiodic Regimen Modify the Protein Profile, Hormonal Content and Antioxidant Enzymes Activity of Ram Seminal Plasma.

Publications

Vasectomy and Photoperiodic Regimen Modify the Protein Profile, Hormonal Content and Antioxidant Enzymes Activity of Ram Seminal Plasma.

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