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Molecular role of ethylene in fruit ripening of Ziziphus jujube Mill.

ABSTRACT: The fruit of Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujube) is widely consumed by human beings due to its high proteins, vitamins, and mineral nutrients. The harvest time of Chinese jujube fruit determines its quality, while ethylene plays a pivotal role in fruit ripening. Nevertheless, the relationship between ethylene biosynthesis/signal transduction and fruit ripening of Chinese jujube is still elusive. Here, the Chinese jujube fruit ripening with its fruit peel color change from cyan to dark red at seven different ripening stages (stage I-VII) and expression levels of genes related to ethylene synthesis and signal transduction were determined. Results showed that expression levels of ZjACO1-3, ZjETR2, ZjERF1, and ZjERF4 were increasingly upregulated, whereas the expression levels of ZjERS1, ZjETI, ZjERF2, and ZjERF3 were downregulated from green to red fruit ripening stages. Among them, ZjACO1-3 promoters contain ethylene response element. Taken together, Chinese jujube fruit ripening might be affected by the ethylene signaling which was mainly regulated by ZjACO, a gene involved in ethylene biosynthesis. This research supports theories and techniques for the storage, preservation and molecular breeding of Z. jujube.

SUBMITTER: Bai Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7671070 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular role of ethylene in fruit ripening of Ziziphus jujube Mill.

Bai Zhenqing Z Zu Huanhuan H Wang Rui R Gao Xinxin X Zou Ting T Chen Guoliang G Wu Jiawen J

Plant signaling & behavior 20201024 12

The fruit of Chinese jujube (<i>Ziziphus jujube</i>) is widely consumed by human beings due to its high proteins, vitamins, and mineral nutrients. The harvest time of Chinese jujube fruit determines its quality, while ethylene plays a pivotal role in fruit ripening. Nevertheless, the relationship between ethylene biosynthesis/signal transduction and fruit ripening of Chinese jujube is still elusive. Here, the Chinese jujube fruit ripening with its fruit peel color change from cyan to dark red at ...[more]

PMID: 33100139

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Project description:BackgroundJujube is a typical fruit tree species from China. 'Muzao', a cracking-susceptible cultivar, and 'Linhuang No. 1', a cracking-resistant cultivar, were selected in a previous study as contrasting research materials. Whole-genome resequencing and transcriptomic analysis of 'Linhuang No. 1' and 'Muzao' allowed the identification of differentially expressed genes with different gene structures between the two cultivars and could be helpful in explaining the differences and similarities between the two cultivars.ResultsResequencing identified 664,129 polymorphic variable sites between 'Linhuang No. 1' and 'Muzao'. To determine the genetic relationship among 'Linhuang No. 1', 'Muzao' and the jujube genome reference cultivar 'Dongzao', the characteristic polymorphic variable sites were analysed by principal component analysis. The genetic relationship between 'Linhuang No. 1' and 'Muzao' was closer than that of either variety and 'Dongzao'. Nineteen differentially expressed genes were identified by combining transcriptomic analysis with resequencing analysis. LOC107427052 (encoding a nitrite reductase) was identified by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis for further study. The identified insertion was not in the domain region of the LOC107427052 gene coding sequence (CDS) region and was verified by the finding that the insertion did not affect translation of the protein. The LOC107427052 gene expression levels, nitrite reductase activities and nitrite contents of 'Muzao' were significantly higher than the corresponding values of 'Linhuang No. 1' at the young fruit stage. There was no significant difference in the quantity of the product of nitrite reductase, namely, ammonia, between the two cultivars.ConclusionsThe present study was the first to explore the differences between different jujube cultivars ('Linhuang No. 1' and 'Muzao') by combining genome resequencing and transcriptomics. LOC107427052 (encoding a nitrite reductase) was characterized by KEGG enrichment analysis. The insertion in the CDS region of the LOC107427052 gene provides a new direction for the study of nitrogen metabolism in jujube. Our study has laid a foundation for the comparative analysis of nitrite metabolism between the jujube cultivars 'Linhuang No. 1' and 'Muzao'.

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Molecular role of ethylene in fruit ripening of Ziziphus jujube Mill.

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Molecular role of ethylene in fruit ripening of Ziziphus jujube Mill.

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Molecular role of ethylene in fruit r​ipening of Ziziphus jujube Mill.

Publications

Molecular role of ethylene in fruit r​ipening of Ziziphus jujube Mill.

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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Molecular role of ethylene in fruit ripening of Ziziphus jujube Mill.

Molecular role of ethylene in fruit ripening of Ziziphus jujube Mill.