Human Keratinocytes Use Sphingosine 1-Phosphate and its Receptors to Communicate Staphylococcus aureus Invasion and Activate Host Defense.

ABSTRACT: Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid mediator generated when a cell membrane or its components are damaged by various factors. S1P regulates diverse cell activities via S1P receptors (S1PRs). Keratinocytes express S1PR1-5. Although it is known that S1PRs control keratinocyte differentiation, apoptosis, and wound healing, S1PR functions in keratinocyte infections have not been fully elucidated. We propose that the S1P-S1PR axis in keratinocytes works as a biosensor for bacterial invasion. Indeed, in human impetigo infection, we found high epidermal expression of S1PR1 and S1PR2 in the skin. Furthermore, in normal human epidermal keratinocytes in vitro, treatment with Staphylococcus aureus bacterial supernatant not only induced S1P production but also increased the transcriptio

SUBMITTER: Igawa S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7682680 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature