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Anion-Modulated Platinum for High-Performance Multifunctional Electrocatalysis toward HER, HOR, and ORR.

ABSTRACT: Efficient electrocatalyst toward hydrogen evolution/oxidation reactions (HER/HOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is desirable for water splitting, fuel cells, etc. Herein, we report an advanced platinum phosphide (PtP₂) material with only 3.5 wt % Pt loading embedded in phosphorus and nitrogen dual-doped carbon (PNC) layer (PtP₂@PNC). The obtained catalyst exhibits robust HER, HOR, and ORR performance. For the HER, a much low overpotential of 8 mV is required to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm^-2 compared with Pt/C (22 mV). For the HOR, its mass activity (MA) at an overpotential of 40 mV is 2.3-fold over that of the Pt/C catalyst. Interestingly, PtP₂@PNC also shows exceptional ORR MA which is 2.6 times higher than that of Pt/C and has robust stability in alkaline solutions. Undoubtedly, this work reveals that PtP₂@PNC can be employed as nanocatalysts with an impressive catalytic activity and stability for broad applications in electrocatalysis.

SUBMITTER: Pu Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7689544 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Anion-Modulated Platinum for High-Performance Multifunctional Electrocatalysis toward HER, HOR, and ORR.

Pu Zonghua Z Cheng Ruilin R Zhao Jiahuan J Hu Zhiyi Z Li Chaofan C Li Wenqiang W Wang Pengyan P Amiinu Ibrahim Saana IS Wang Zhe Z Min Wang Chen Ding D Mu Shichun S

iScience 20201110 12

Efficient electrocatalyst toward hydrogen evolution/oxidation reactions (HER/HOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is desirable for water splitting, fuel cells, etc. Herein, we report an advanced platinum phosphide (PtP<sub>2</sub>) material with only 3.5 wt % Pt loading embedded in phosphorus and nitrogen dual-doped carbon (PNC) layer (PtP<sub>2</sub>@PNC). The obtained catalyst exhibits robust HER, HOR, and ORR performance. For the HER, a much low overpotential of 8 mV is required to achiev ...[more]

PMID: 33294800

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Project description:Platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) nanowires were developed as hydrogen evolving catalysts for anion exchange membrane electrolyzers. Following synthesis by galvanic displacement, the nanowires had Pt surface areas of 90 m2 gPt-1. The nanowire specific exchange current densities were 2-3 times greater than commercial nanoparticles and may benefit from the extended nanostructure morphology that avoids fringe facets and produces higher quantities of Pt{100}. Hydrogen annealing was used to alloy Pt and Ni zones and compress the Pt lattice. Following annealing, the nanowire activity improved to 4 times greater than the as-synthesized wires and 10 times greater than Pt nanoparticles. Density functional theory calculations were performed to investigate the influence of lattice compression and exposed facet on the water-splitting reaction; it was found that at a lattice of 3.77 Å, the (100) facet of a Pt-skin grown on Ni3Pt weakens hydrogen binding and lowers the barrier to water-splitting as compared to pure Pt(100). Moreover, the activation energy of water-splitting on the (100) facet of a Pt-skin grown on Ni3Pt is particularly advantageous at 0.66 eV as compared to the considerably higher 0.90 eV required on (111) surfaces of pure Pt or Pt-skin grown on Ni3Pt. This favorable effect may be slightly mitigated during further optimization procedures such as acid leaching near-surface Ni, necessary to incorporate the nanowires into electrolyzer membrane electrode assemblies. Exposure to acid resulted in slight dealloying and Pt lattice expansion, which reduced half-cell activity, but exposed Pt surfaces and improved single-cell performance. Membrane electrode assembly performance was kinetically 1-2 orders of magnitude greater than Ni and slightly better than Pt nanoparticles while at one tenth the Pt loading. These electrocatalysts potentially exploit the highly active {100} facets and provide an ultralow Pt group metal option that can enable anion exchange membrane electrolysis, bridging the gap to proton exchange membrane-based systems.

Dataset Information

Anion-Modulated Platinum for High-Performance Multifunctional Electrocatalysis toward HER, HOR, and ORR.

Publications

Anion-Modulated Platinum for High-Performance Multifunctional Electrocatalysis toward HER, HOR, and ORR.

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