Gender differences in waterpipe tobacco smoking among university students in four Eastern Mediterranean countries.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Males have a higher prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) than females in most Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) countries, with a smaller gender gap than that of cigarette smoking. The objective of this study was to determine gender differences among university students with respect to WTS initiation, smoking behavior, tobacco flavors, and expenditure on WTS, in four EMR countries.

Methods

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted based on convenient samples of ever waterpipe smokers among university students in four EMR countries (Egypt, Jordan, Occupied Palestinian Territories, and the United Arab Emirates) in 2016. The total samples included 2470 participants. Study participants were invited through flyers, university portals, emails and Faceboo

SUBMITTER: Hamadeh RR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7720794 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature