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Domestication via the commensal pathway in a fish-invertebrate mutualism.

ABSTRACT: Domesticator-domesticate relationships are specialized mutualisms where one species provides multigenerational support to another in exchange for a resource or service, and through which both partners gain an advantage over individuals outside the relationship. While this ecological innovation has profoundly reshaped the world's landscapes and biodiversity, the ecological circumstances that facilitate domestication remain uncertain. Here, we show that longfin damselfish (Stegastes diencaeus) aggressively defend algae farms on which they feed, and this protective refuge selects a domesticator-domesticate relationship with planktonic mysid shrimps (Mysidium integrum). Mysids passively excrete nutrients onto farms, which is associated with enriched algal composition, and damselfish that host mysids exhibit better body condition compared to those without. Our results suggest that the refuge damselfish create as a byproduct of algal tending and the mutual habituation that damselfish and mysids exhibit towards one another were instrumental in subsequent mysid domestication. These results are consistent with domestication via the commensal pathway, by which many common examples of animal domestication are hypothesized to have evolved.

SUBMITTER: Brooker RM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7721709 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Domestication via the commensal pathway in a fish-invertebrate mutualism.

Brooker Rohan M RM Casey Jordan M JM Cowan Zara-Louise ZL Sih Tiffany L TL Dixson Danielle L DL Manica Andrea A Feeney William E WE

Nature communications 20201207 1

Domesticator-domesticate relationships are specialized mutualisms where one species provides multigenerational support to another in exchange for a resource or service, and through which both partners gain an advantage over individuals outside the relationship. While this ecological innovation has profoundly reshaped the world's landscapes and biodiversity, the ecological circumstances that facilitate domestication remain uncertain. Here, we show that longfin damselfish (Stegastes diencaeus) agg ...[more]

PMID: 33288750

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Project description:Ecological theory predicts fluctuations, such as oscillations and instabilities, in populations whose dynamics can be represented by discrete-time surplus production models, whenever the intrinsic rate of population growth (r) is too high. Many fished stocks may have sufficiently high r to undergo fluctuations under fishing. The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) is the fishing harvest rate concept that underlies United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and much of national fisheries administration around the world and yet in fluctuating stocks the MSY does not exist. This is because MSY's existence necessitates stable zero growth rates and in fluctuating stocks the growth rate switches from positive to negative over regular or irregular cycles, never staying put at zero. A more general surplus production concept is the total latent productivity (TLP). TLP averaged over years of negative and positive productivity has been proposed as a sustainable annual harvest rate for fluctuating stocks. We tested this theory assessing two harvested octopus populations inhabiting the Yucatan Peninsula with a 22-years time series of data, and a two-stages stock assessment methodology, with time-varying parameters at both stages. We find that parameters of the population dynamics changed in both species, dividing the time series in two periods, leading from single-point equilibrium to fluctuating dynamics in one species and increased amplitude and amplitude variability in the other species. These results mean that management based on the MSY would lead to overfishing and collapse of the two octopus stocks, as shown by stochastic projections. Conversely, the average TLP yielded much lower and realistic annual harvest rates, closer to actual landings over the 22-years period. We conclude that average TLP is the correct sustainable harvest rates for fluctuating stocks, which may include cephalopods, other invertebrates and small pelagic fish. This more general concept of surplus production needs to be incorporated in multilateral and national fisheries management policies to avoid overfishing stocks that have fluctuating population dynamics.

Dataset Information

Domestication via the commensal pathway in a fish-invertebrate mutualism.

Publications

Domestication via the commensal pathway in a fish-invertebrate mutualism.

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