Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease phenotypes: imprint on pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy.

ABSTRACT: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Over the past few years, there has been cumulating interest in describing this heterogeneity and using this information to group patients into different COPD phenotypes. The term phenotype is defined as single or combination of disease attributes that describe differences between individuals with COPD as they relate to clinically meaningful outcomes. It describes also the physical appearance or biochemical characteristics which result from the genotype-environment interaction. Furthermore, it clearly identifies subgroups with a significant impact in the prognosis. Recently, approaches to COPD phenotyping have been significantly enhanced in tandem with developments in

SUBMITTER: Bakeer M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7723612 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature