Dataset Information

The role of packaged water in meeting global targets on improved water access.

ABSTRACT: Packaged water (as either refill, bottled, or sachet water) has become an important element of water security in many low- and middle-income countries, owing to poor reliability and lack of piped water infrastructure. However, over time and across countries, the Demographic and Health Surveys monitoring program has inconsistently classified packaged water components as either improved or unimproved. Using data collected as part of the Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 (PMA2020) surveys on water options in nine study geographies across eight countries, we identified five geographies where packaged water constituted one of several options for 5% or more of users. In this study, four scenarios were designed in which packaged water components were variously classified as either improved or unimproved. Unimproved water use was highest in scenarios where sachet or refill water was classified as an unimproved source. Across the four scenarios, the difference in the use of unimproved water as the main option was highest (65%) in Nigeria (Lagos). That difference increased to 78% when considering all regular options. The development of these scenarios highlights the importance of classifying a source as improved or unimproved in the overall metric that indicates progress at national and international levels.

SUBMITTER: Vedachalam S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7734372 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The role of packaged water in meeting global targets on improved water access.

Vedachalam Sridhar S MacDonald Luke H LH Omoluabi Elizabeth E OlaOlorun Funmilola F Otupiri Easmon E Schwab Kellogg J KJ

Journal of water, sanitation, and hygiene for development : a journal of the International Water Association 20170407 3

Packaged water (as either refill, bottled, or sachet water) has become an important element of water security in many low- and middle-income countries, owing to poor reliability and lack of piped water infrastructure. However, over time and across countries, the Demographic and Health Surveys monitoring program has inconsistently classified packaged water components as either improved or unimproved. Using data collected as part of the Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 (PMA2020) surv ...[more]

PMID: 33384863

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Project description:IntroductionSetting sodium targets for pre-packaged food has been a priority strategy for reducing population sodium intake. This study aims to explore the attitudes and considerations of researchers and key stakeholders toward implementing such policy in China.MethodsAn exploratory study comprising a survey and a focus group discussion was conducted among 27 purposively selected participants including 12 researchers, 5 consumers, 4 administrators, 3 industry association representatives and 3 food producers. The survey/discussion covered the key questions considered when developing/promoting sodium targets. Free-text responses were manually classified and summarized using thematic analysis.ResultsTwo-thirds of the participants supported target-setting policy. Researchers and administrators were most supportive, and food producers and associations were least supportive. Adapted WHO food categorization framework was well accepted to underpin target-setting to ensure international comparability and applicability for Chinese products. Maximum values were the most agreed target type. The WHO benchmarks were thought to be too ambitious to be feasible given the current food supply in China but can be regarded as long-term goals. Initially, a reduction of sodium content by 20% was mostly accepted to guide the development of maximum targets. Other recommendations included implementing a comprehensive strategy, strengthening research, engaging social resources, establishing a systematic monitoring/incentive system, maintaining a fair competitive environment, and developing a supportive information system. Target-setting policy was acceptable by most stakeholders and should be implemented alongside strategies to reduce discretionary salt use.DiscussionOur findings provide detailed guidance for the Chinese government when developing a target-setting strategy. The methods and results of this study also provide meaningful references for other countries to set sodium targets for pre-packaged foods and implement other salt reduction strategies simultaneously.

Dataset Information

The role of packaged water in meeting global targets on improved water access.

Publications

The role of packaged water in meeting global targets on improved water access.

Similar Datasets

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