Novel brief screening scale, Tokyo Metropolitan Distress Scale for Pandemic (TMDP), for assessing mental and social stress of medical personnel in COVID-19 pandemic.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Shiwaku H
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7753715 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Novel brief screening scale, Tokyo Metropolitan Distress Scale for Pandemic (TMDP), for assessing mental and social stress of medical personnel in COVID-19 pandemic.
Shiwaku Hiroki H Doi Satomi S Miyajima Miho M Matsumoto Yukiko Y Fujino Junya J Hirai Nobuhide N Jitoku Daisuke D Takagi Shunsuke S Tamura Takehiro T Maruo Takashi T Shidei Yuki Y Kobayashi Nanase N Ichihashi Masanori M Noguchi Shiori S Oohashi Kanako K Takeuchi Takashi T Sugihara Genichi G Okada Takayuki T Fujiwara Takeo T Takahashi Hidehiko H
Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences 20201123 1
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Project description:IntroductionThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused significant changes in the everyday functioning of the general population, as well as medical workers. Medical personnel, especially those in direct contact with COVID-19 patients, could have increased levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. The objective of this study was to explore the mental health status of medical personnel in Serbia during the pandemic by assessing stress levels, symptoms of anxiety, and depression.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted as an online-based survey, in the period from 8 April to 14 April 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study included 1678 participants, and the snowball sampling technique was used to reach healthcare professionals. The level of stress and symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed among medical personnel in Serbia by the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Beck Depression Inventory IA (BDI-IA), and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), respectively.ResultsA total of 1678 participants completed the survey, with a mean age of 40.38 ± 10.32 years, of which 1,315 (78.4%) were women, and 363 (21.6%) were men. Out of these, 684 (40.8%) participants were medical personnel, and 994 (59.2%) were people of other professions. Frontline medical personnel reported higher scores on all measurement tools than second-line medical personnel (e.g., mean PSS scores: 19.12 ± 5.66 versus 17.53 ± 5.71; p = .006; mean GAD-7 scores: 8.57 ± 6.26 versus 6.73 ± 5.76; p = .001; mean BDI-IA scores: 9.25 ± 8.26 versus 7.36 ± 7.28; p = .006). Binary logistic regression showed that the probability of developing more severe anxiety symptoms doubles in frontline medical personnel.ConclusionOur findings suggest that frontline medical personnel is under an increased psychological burden during the COVID-19 pandemic, having higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression than second-line medical personnel. Adequate measures should be taken to relieve this burden and preserve the mental health of frontline medical personnel.
| S-EPMC7645856 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeMedical residents' mental health is currently an issue of concern for medical educators worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has raised the greatest concerns given the psychological effects of this scenario on medical residents on the frontlines of the pandemic. To assess the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physicians in residency training, the collective symptoms of burnout, depression and anxiety are used to identify the residents' beliefs and clinical practices related to COVID-19 patients and their behaviors concerning disease prevention.MethodThis observational study involved 3071 medical residents from all regions of Brazil. An online questionnaire assessed the presence of burnout using the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionaire-9, anxiety symptoms using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and COVID-19 Impact Questions to assess the residents' beliefs and clinical practices related to COVID-19 patients. Exploratory analyses, logistic regression and multinomial regression analysis were performed in this investigation.ResultsModerate and severe depressive symptoms were the most common (67.7%) followed by anxiety symptoms (52.8%) and burnout (48.6%). The difference between residents with or without contact with COVID-19 patients was significant increased when analyzing different aspects of clinical practice, behavior, substance use and mental health.ConclusionsThese results suggest an increase in depression and anxiety symptoms among medical residents dealing with COVID-19, upstaging previous concerns about medical residents' mental health. The prevalence of burnout is similar to that of a nonpandemic scenario. Considering the severity of the pandemic scenario and the overburden of healthcare services, medical residents' mental health deserves special care.
| S-EPMC8970479 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Vaccination is a preventive measure against influenza that does not require placing restrictions on social activities. However, since the stockpile of vaccine that can be prepared before the arrival of an emerging pandemic strain is generally quite limited, one has to select priority target groups to which the first stockpile is distributed. In this paper, we study a simulation-based priority target selection method with the goal of enhancing the collective immunity of the whole population. To model the region in which the disease spreads, we consider an urban area composed of suburbs and central areas connected by a single commuter train line. Human activity is modelled following an agent-based approach. The degree to which collective immunity is enhanced is judged by the attack rate in unvaccinated people. The simulation results show that if students and office workers are given exclusive priority in the first three months, the attack rate can be reduced from [Formula: see text] in the baseline case down to 1-2%. In contrast, random vaccination only slightly reduces the attack rate. It should be noted that giving preference to active social groups does not mean sacrificing those at high risk, which corresponds to the elderly in our simulation model. Compared with the random administration of vaccine to all social groups, this design successfully reduces the attack rate across all age groups.
| S-EPMC3776821 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionThe ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated the reallocation of healthcare resources, and a minimization of elective activities. Healthcare personnel involved in COVID-19 care have been negatively affected by the associated excess stress. The existing COVID-19 research has focused on the experiences among healthcare personnel in general, and not particularly on the operating room team members, who have often been relocated to overburdened workplaces. Therefore, we aimed to explore the experiences in this particular group.MethodsThis study has a qualitative inductive design based on interviews with a strategic sample of 12 operating room team members: surgeons, anesthesiologist, specialist nurses, and nurse assistants. The interviews were analyzed using content analysis.ResultsThree themes were identified: "Feeling safe in the familiar and anxiety in the unknown", "To be the ones left behind", and "The possibility for recuperation in a seemingly everlasting situation". The participants described working hard, although their efforts were experienced as not enough according to their moral ideals. We interpreted this as feelings and signs of moral distress, a commonly described concept in previous studies during the COVID-19 pandemic, and a risk for burn out.ConclusionsThe operating room team members emphasized the negative stress of being in the unknown, performing work tasks in an unfamiliar place and situation, and experiencing conflicting feelings of relief and guilt. Organizational strategies toward a functional leadership and support should be emphasized. Such strategies might reduce the risk of psychological consequences such as burn out.
| S-EPMC8692083 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo test a new approach to address moral distress in intensive care unit (ICU) personnel.MethodsUsing principles of participatory action research, we developed an eight-step moral conflict assessment (MCA) that guides participants in describing the behaviour that they have to implement, the effects this has on them, their current coping strategies, their values in conflict, any other concerns related to the situation, what helps and hinders the situation, new coping strategies, and the effect of the preceding steps on participants. This assessment was tested with eight ICU providers in an 11-bed community ICU.ResultsDuring three one-hour sessions, participants described their moral distress that was caused by the use of ongoing life-support for a patient who the team believed did not prefer this course of care, but whose family was requesting it. Participants experienced frustration and discouragement and coping strategies included speaking to colleagues and exercising. They felt that they were unable to take meaningful action to resolve this conflict. Values that were in conflict in the situation included beneficence and patient autonomy. Based on ranking of helping and hindering factors, the team proposed new strategies including improving consistency of care plans and educating patients' family members and ICU personnel about advance care planning and end-of-life care. After completing this assessment, participants reported less stress and a greater ability to take meaningful action, including some of the proposed new strategies.ConclusionsWe found this new approach to address moral distress in ICU personnel to be feasible and a useful tool for facilitating plans for reducing moral distress.
| S-EPMC9499887 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundIn summer 2014, an autochthonous outbreak of dengue occurred in Tokyo, Japan, in which Yoyogi Park acted as the focal area of transmission. Recognizing the outbreak, concerted efforts were made to control viral spread, which included mosquito control, public announcement of the outbreak, and a total ban on entering the park. We sought to assess the effectiveness of these control measures.Methodology/principal findingsWe used a mathematical model to describe the transmission dynamics. Using dates of exposure and illness onset, we categorized cases into three groups according to the availability of these datasets. The infection process was parametrically modeled by generation, and convolution of the infection process and the incubation period was fitted to the data. By estimating the effective reproduction number, we determined that the effect of dengue risk communication together with mosquito control from 28 August 2014 was insufficiently large to lower the reproduction number to below 1. However, once Yoyogi Park was closed on 4 September, the value of the effective reproduction number began to fall below 1, and the associated relative reduction in the effective reproduction number was estimated to be 20%-60%. The mean incubation period was an estimated 5.8 days.Conclusions/significanceRegardless of the assumed number of generations of cases, the combined effect of mosquito control, risk communication, and park closure appeared to be successful in interrupting the chain of dengue transmission in Tokyo.
| S-EPMC6588210 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The purpose of this paper is to examine how fear of COVID-19 affects: i) psychological distress; and ii) anxiety among healthcare workers. Additionally, the possible mediating role of passion was conceptually hypothesized and empirically tested in these two relationships. Data were collected from 360 healthcare employees working at hospitals in Pakistan. AMOS (v.26) was used to perform confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to test hypotheses and relationships. The results of the study revealed the fear of COVID-19, the psychological distress, and anxiety of medical personnel have positive connections. There is now strong evidence that fear of COVID-19 substantially influences anxiety and psychological distress. In particular, the results demonstrate that passion did not mediate the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and employees' mental health. It concludes that the outcomes of this work support the presence of a significant association between COVID-19 fear and the mental health of medical staff in Pakistan. Implications are discussed in light of the findings.
| S-EPMC9699713 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objective Psychological suffering in malignant mesothelioma (MM) differs from that in other cancers because of its occupational etiology, and we aimed to develop specific patient-reported outcome measures to assess it. Methods We used a multi-method prospective observational multicentric study (N = 149), and a preliminary questionnaire validation was performed through a Bayesian approach. Results Item analysis showed a good internal consistency and reliability (Cronbach alpha = 0.79 [95% CI = 0.74–0.93]. Twenty of the 41 initial items were selected as posterior 95% highest density interval factor loading standardized effect size fell outside of the region of practical equivalence. Bayesian exploratory factor analysis showed a two-factor structure: (1) Trauma-related reactions (TR, 13 items) and (2) Claim for justice (CJ, 7 items), confirmed by the Bayesian confirmatory factor analysis. Latent factors were poorly correlated (Posterior median: 0.13; 95% CI = −0.079 to 0.323). The 90% root mean square error of approximation posterior median was 0.04 [90% CI = 0.03–0.58]; the 90% chi-square posterior median was 242 [90% CI = 209–287]. Conclusion Psychological suffering in MM patients implies negative cognitive, emotional, and somatic reactions related to the traumatic impact of the disease and the need to obtain justice through economic compensation. Our findings provide preliminary evidence that the Mesothelioma Psychological Distress Tool-Patients could be a promising and reliable instrument to assess MM patients’ psychological distress.
| S-EPMC9732528 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This paper studied the relationship between personality traits and mental health conditions of medical personnel to provide a basis and reference for the implementation of targeted education on mental health. A self-report inventory, the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), was used to investigate the mental health status of 548 medical personnel dealing with the new coronavirus pneumonia in eight provinces and cities of China. The overall mean SCL-90 score and mean values of factors (somatization, obsessive-compulsive, anxiety, phobic anxiety, and psychoticism) of the medical personnel were significantly higher than in the norm group (p < 0.05), while their average interpersonal sensitivity score was significantly lower (p < 0.01). In addition, personal factors affecting the mental health status of medical personnel were identified (all p < 0.05). The overall mental health status of medical personnel responding to new coronavirus pneumonia is generally higher than that of the norm group in China. The results of this study should contribute to measures to alleviate the psychological pressures on medical personnel dealing with the new coronavirus epidemic in China.
| S-EPMC7237008 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThe Australian COVID-19 Frontline Healthcare Workers study examined the prevalence and severity of mental health symptoms during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. This substudy examined the differences in psychological well-being between rural and metropolitan health care workers (HCWs).DesignA nationwide survey conducted between August and October 2020.Setting and participantsAustralian HCWs were recruited through multiple strategies.Main outcome measuresDemographics, mental health outcomes (anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD] and burnout).ResultsComplete responses were included from 7846 participants, with 1473 (18.8%) in regional or remote ('rural') areas and 81.2% in metropolitan areas. Rural participants were older, more likely to work in allied health, nursing or in health administration, and had worked longer in their profession than metropolitan participants. Levels of resilience were similar (p = 0.132), but there was significantly higher prevalence of pre-COVID-19 pandemic mental illness in the rural workforce (p < 0.001). There were high levels of current mental health issues: moderate-severe PTSD (rural 38.0%; metropolitan 41.0% p = 0.031); high depersonalisation (rural 18.1%; metropolitan 20.7% p = 0.047); and high emotional exhaustion (rural 46.5%; metropolitan 43.3% p = 0.002). Among rural participants, mental health symptoms were associated with younger age, worry about being blamed if they contracted COVID-19, fear of transmitting COVID-19 to their family, experiencing worsening relationships and working in primary care or allied health.ConclusionDespite having low COVID-19 case numbers in rural Australian health services compared with metropolitan counterparts over the course of 2020, there were widespread mental health impacts on the workforce. Rural health services need specific and flexible training, education, work policies and practices that support psychological well-being now in preparedness for ongoing or future crises.
| S-EPMC9347496 | biostudies-literature