Oxidative Stress in Cytokine-Induced Dysfunction of the Pancreatic Beta Cell: Known Knowns and Known Unknowns.

ABSTRACT: Compelling evidence from earlier studies suggests that the pancreatic beta cell is inherently weak in its antioxidant defense mechanisms to face the burden of protecting itself against the increased intracellular oxidative stress following exposure to proinflammatory cytokines. Recent evidence implicates novel roles for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (Noxs) as contributors to the excessive intracellular oxidative stress and damage under metabolic stress conditions. This review highlights the existing evidence on the regulatory roles of at least three forms of Noxs, namely Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4, in the cascade of events leading to islet beta cell dysfunction, specifically under the duress of chronic exposure to cytokines. Potential crosstalk between key signalin

SUBMITTER: Kowluru A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7759861 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature