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The deepest mitochondrial genome sequenced from Mariana Trench Hirondellea gigas (Amphipoda).

ABSTRACT: Hirondellea gigas is an amphipod that is a dominant animal resident living in the Challenger Deep (∼11,000m depth) of the Mariana Trench, which is the world deepest point in the ocean. Here we report a nearly complete mitochondrial genome of H. gigas, the world deepest mitogenome. The genome consists of two contigs with lengths of 8,603 bp and 6,984 bp, respectively, and it includes 13 complete protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 21 tRNA genes. The ends of both contigs are highly repetitive and AT rich. The gene order of H. gigas is similar to another amphipod (Onisimus nanseni) in the same superfamily, Lysianassoidea. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Lysianassoidea is grouped with Gammaroidea and Calliopioidea in the same clade. Our result also suggested that the H. gigas collected from Izu-Bonin Trench and Japan Trench are indeed the same species as those from the Mariana Trench. These results will contribute to a better understanding of the phylogeny of amphipod and other hadal species.

SUBMITTER: Lan Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7799506 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The deepest mitochondrial genome sequenced from Mariana Trench Hirondellea gigas (Amphipoda).

Lan Yi Y Sun Jin J Bartlett Douglas H DH Rouse Greg W GW Tabata Harry G HG Qian Pei-Yuan PY

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources 20161122 1

Hirondellea gigas is an amphipod that is a dominant animal resident living in the Challenger Deep (∼11,000m depth) of the Mariana Trench, which is the world deepest point in the ocean. Here we report a nearly complete mitochondrial genome of H. gigas, the world deepest mitogenome. The genome consists of two contigs with lengths of 8,603 bp and 6,984 bp, respectively, and it includes 13 complete protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 21 tRNA genes. The ends of both contigs are high ...[more]

PMID: 33473633

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Project description:As photoautotrophs, phytoplankton are generally present in the euphotic zone of the ocean, however, recently healthy phytoplankton cells were found to be also ubiquitous in the dark deep sea, i.e., at water depths between 2000 and 4000 m. The distributions of phytoplankton communities in much deeper waters, such as the hadal zone, are unclear. In this study, the vertical distribution of the pico- and nano-phytoplankton (PN) communities from the surface to 8320 m, including the epipelagic, mesopelagic, bathypelagic, and hadal zones, were investigated via both 18S and p23S rRNA gene analysis in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench. The results showed that Dinoflagellata, Chrysophyceae, Haptophyta, Chlorophyta, Prochloraceae, Pseudanabaenaceae, Synechococcaceae, and Eustigmatophyceae, etc., were the predominant PN in the Mariana Trench. Redundancy analyses revealed that depth, followed by temperature, was the most important environmental factors correlated with vertical distribution of PN community. In the hadal zone, the PN community structure was considerably different from those in the shallower zones. Some PN communities, e.g., Eustigmatophyceae and Chrysophyceae, which have the heterotrophic characteristics, were sparse in shallower waters, while they were identified with high relative abundance (94.1% and 20.1%, respectively) at the depth of 8320 m. However, the dinoflagellates and Prochloraceae Prochlorococcus were detected throughout the entire water column. We proposed that vertical sinking, heterotrophic metabolism, and/or the transition to resting stage of phytoplankton might contribute to the presence of phytoplankton in the hadal zone. This study provided insight into the PN community in the Mariana Trench, implied the significance of phytoplankton in exporting organic matters from the euphotic to the hadal zone, and also hinted the possible existence of some undetermined energy metabolism (e.g., heterotrophy) of phytoplankton making themselves adapt and survive in the hadal environment.

Dataset Information

The deepest mitochondrial genome sequenced from Mariana Trench Hirondellea gigas (Amphipoda).

Publications

The deepest mitochondrial genome sequenced from Mariana Trench <i>Hirondellea gigas</i> (Amphipoda).

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