Dataset Information

Quantifying How Different Clinical Presentations, Levels of Severity, and Healthcare Attendance Shape the Burden of Influenza-associated Illness: A Modeling Study From South Africa.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Burden estimates of medically and nonmedically attended influenza-associated illness across syndromes and levels of severity are lacking.

Methods

We estimated the national burden of medically and nonmedically attended influenza-associated illness among individuals with different clinical presentations (all-respiratory, all-circulatory, and nonrespiratory/noncirculatory) and levels of severity (mild, fatal, and severe, nonfatal) using a combination of case-based (from laboratory-confirmed influenza surveillance) and ecological studies, as well as data from healthcare utilization surveys in South Africa during 2013-2015. In addition, we compared estimates of medically attended influenza-associated respiratory illness, obtained from case-based and ecological studies. Rates were reported per 100 000 individuals in the population.

Results

The estimated mean annual number of influenza-associated illness episodes was 10 737 847 (19.8% of 54 096 705 inhabitants). Of these episodes, 10 598 138 (98.7%) were mild, 128 173 (1.2%) were severe, nonfatal, and 11 536 (0.1%) were fatal. There were 2 718 140 (25.6%) mild, 56 226 (43.9%) severe, nonfatal, and 4945 (42.8%) medically attended should be after fatal episodes. Influenza-associated respiratory illness accounted for 99.2% (10 576 146) of any mild, 65.5% (83 941) of any severe, nonfatal, and 33.7% (3893) of any fatal illnesses. Ecological and case-based estimates of medically attended, influenza-associated, respiratory mild (rates: ecological, 1778.8, vs case-based, 1703.3; difference, 4.4%), severe, nonfatal (rates: ecological, 88.6, vs case-based, 75.3; difference, 15.0%), and fatal (rates: ecological, 3.8, vs case-based, 3.5; difference, 8.4%) illnesses were similar.

Conclusions

There was a substantial burden of influenza-associated symptomatic illness, including severe, nonfatal and fatal illnesses, and a large proportion was nonmedically attended. Estimates, including only influenza-associated respiratory illness, substantially underestimated influenza-associated, severe, nonfatal and fatal illnesses. Ecological and case-based estimates were found to be similar for the compared categories.

SUBMITTER: Tempia S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7804385 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Quantifying How Different Clinical Presentations, Levels of Severity, and Healthcare Attendance Shape the Burden of Influenza-associated Illness: A Modeling Study From South Africa.

Tempia Stefano S Walaza Sibongile S Moyes Jocelyn J Cohen Adam L AL McMorrow Meredith L ML Treurnicht Florette K FK Hellferscee Orienka O Wolter Nicole N von Gottberg Anne A Nguweneza Arthemon A McAnerney Johanna M JM Dawood Halima H Variava Ebrahim E Madhi Shabir A SA Cohen Cheryl C

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 20190801 6

<h4>Background</h4>Burden estimates of medically and nonmedically attended influenza-associated illness across syndromes and levels of severity are lacking.<h4>Methods</h4>We estimated the national burden of medically and nonmedically attended influenza-associated illness among individuals with different clinical presentations (all-respiratory, all-circulatory, and nonrespiratory/noncirculatory) and levels of severity (mild, fatal, and severe, nonfatal) using a combination of case-based (from la ...[more]

PMID: 30508065

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Project description:BackgroundLow back pain (LBP) is a multifactorial and the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorder, whose economic burden is of global concern. Evidence suggests that the burden of LBP in increasing and will continue rising with the greatest burden occurring in low-and-middle-income-countries (LMICs). This study sought to determine the economic burden of LBP in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa from the providers perspective.MethodsWe used a retrospective prevalence-based cost-of-illness methodology to estimate the direct medical cost of LBP. Direct medical costs constituted costs associated with healthcare utilisation in inpatient care, outpatient care, investigations, consultations, and cost of auxiliary devices. We used diagnostic-specific data obtained from hospital clinical reports. All identifiable direct medical costs were estimated using a top-down approach for costs associated with healthcare and a bottom-up approach for costs associated with inpatient and outpatient care.ResultsThe prevalence of chronic low back pain CLBP was 24.3% (95% CI: 23.5-25.1). The total annual average direct medical costs associated with LBP was US$5.4 million. Acute low back pain (ALBP) and CLBP contributed 17% (US$0.92 million) and 83% (US$4.48 million) of the total cost, respectively. The per patient total annual average direct medical cost for ALBP and CLBP were US$99.43 and US$1,516.67, respectively. The outpatient care costs contributed the largest share (38.9%, US$2.10 million) of the total annual average direct medical cost, 54.9% (US$1.15 million) of which was attributed to nonsteroidal-anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The total average cost of diagnostic investigations was estimated at US$831,595.40, which formed 15.4% of the average total cost.ConclusionThe economic burden of LBP is high in South Africa. Majority of costs were attributed to CLBP. The outpatient care costs contributed the largest share percent of the total cost. Pain medication was the main intervention strategy, contributing more than half of the total outpatient costs. Measures should be taken to ensure guideline adherence. Focus should also be placed towards development of prevention measures to minimise the cost.

Dataset Information

Quantifying How Different Clinical Presentations, Levels of Severity, and Healthcare Attendance Shape the Burden of Influenza-associated Illness: A Modeling Study From South Africa.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Quantifying How Different Clinical Presentations, Levels of Severity, and Healthcare Attendance Shape the Burden of Influenza-associated Illness: A Modeling Study From South Africa.

Similar Datasets

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