Alterations of DNA damage repair in cancer: from mechanisms to applications.

ABSTRACT: DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways are essential to ensure the accurate transmission of genetic material. However, different endogenous and exogenous factors challenge genomic integrity. Mechanisms involved in the alterations of DDR pathways mainly include genetic inactivation and epigenetic mechanisms. The development and progression of carcinomas are closely associated with DDR pathway aberrations, including the epigenetic silencing of gene O6-alkylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT); deficiencies of mismatch repair (MMR) genes, including MutL homolog 1 (MLH1), MutS protein homologue (MSH)-2 (MSH2), MSH6, and PMS1 homolog 2; the mismatch repair system component (PMS2); and mutations of homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes, such as the breast cance

SUBMITTER: Jiang M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7812211 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature