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Differential T cell reactivity to seasonal coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 in community and health care workers.

ABSTRACT: Herein we measured CD4 ⁺ T cell responses against common cold corona (CCC) viruses and SARS-CoV-2 in high-risk health care workers (HCW) and community controls. We observed higher levels of CCC reactive T cells in SARS-CoV-2 seronegative HCW compared to community donors, consistent with potential higher occupational exposure of HCW to CCC. We further show that SARS-CoV-2 reactivity of seronegative HCW was higher than community controls and correlation between CCC and SARS-CoV-2 responses is consistent with cross-reactivity and not associated with recent in vivo activation. Surprisingly, CCC reactivity was decreased in SARS-CoV-2 infected HCW, suggesting that exposure to SARS-CoV-2 might interfere with CCC responses, either directly or indirectly. This result was unexpected, but consistently detected in independent cohorts derived from Miami and San Diego.

SUBMITTER: da Silva Antunes R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7814840 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Differential T cell reactivity to seasonal coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 in community and health care workers.

da Silva Antunes Ricardo R Pallikkuth Suresh S Williams Erin E Yu Esther Dawen ED Mateus Jose J Quiambao Lorenzo L Wang Eric E Rawlings Stephen A SA Stadlbauer Daniel D Jiang Kaijun K Amanat Fatima F Arnold David D Andrews David D Fuego Irma I Dan Jennifer M JM Grifoni Alba A Weiskopf Daniela D Krammer Florian F Crotty Shane S Hoffer Michael E ME Pahwa Savita G SG Sette Alessandro A

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences 20210115

Herein we measured CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell responses against common cold corona (CCC) viruses and SARS-CoV-2 in high-risk health care workers (HCW) and community controls. We observed higher levels of CCC reactive T cells in SARS-CoV-2 seronegative HCW compared to community donors, consistent with potential higher occupational exposure of HCW to CCC. We further show that SARS-CoV-2 reactivity of seronegative HCW was higher than community controls and correlation between CCC and SARS-CoV-2 respons ...[more]

PMID: 33469594

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Project description:BackgroundIdentifying occupational risk factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among health care workers (HCWs) can improve HCW and patient safety.ObjectiveTo quantify demographic, occupational, and community risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity among HCWs in a large health care system.DesignA logistic regression model was fitted to data from a cross-sectional survey conducted in April to June 2020, linking risk factors for occupational and community exposure to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity.SettingA large academic health care system in the Atlanta, Georgia, metropolitan area.ParticipantsEmployees and medical staff members elected to participate in SARS-CoV-2 serology testing offered to all HCWs as part of a quality initiative and completed a survey on exposure to COVID-19 and use of personal protective equipment.MeasurementsDemographic risk factors for COVID-19, residential ZIP code incidence of COVID-19, occupational exposure to HCWs or patients who tested positive on polymerase chain reaction test, and use of personal protective equipment as potential risk factors for infection. The outcome was SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity.ResultsAdjusted SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was estimated to be 3.8% (95% CI, 3.4% to 4.3%) (positive, n = 582) among the 10 275 HCWs (35% of the Emory Healthcare workforce) who participated in the survey. Community contact with a person known or suspected to have COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.9 [CI, 1.4 to 2.6]; 77 positive persons [10.3%]) and community COVID-19 incidence (aOR, 1.5 [CI, 1.0 to 2.2]) increased the odds of infection. Black individuals were at high risk (aOR, 2.1 [CI, 1.7 to 2.6]; 238 positive persons [8.3%]).LimitationsParticipation rates were modest and key workplace exposures, including job and infection prevention practices, changed rapidly in the early phases of the pandemic.ConclusionDemographic and community risk factors, including contact with a COVID-19-positive person and Black race, are more strongly associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity among HCWs than is exposure in the workplace.Primary funding sourceEmory COVID-19 Response Collaborative.

Dataset Information

Differential T cell reactivity to seasonal coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 in community and health care workers.

Publications

Differential T cell reactivity to seasonal coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 in community and health care workers.

Similar Datasets

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