Estrogen and Glycemic Homeostasis: The Fundamental Role of Nuclear Estrogen Receptors ESR1/ESR2 in Glucose Transporter GLUT4 Regulation.

ABSTRACT: Impaired circulating estrogen levels have been related to impaired glycemic homeostasis and diabetes mellitus (DM), both in females and males. However, for the last twenty years, the relationship between estrogen, glycemic homeostasis and the mechanisms involved has remained unclear. The characterization of estrogen receptors 1 and 2 (ESR1 and ESR2) and of insulin-sensitive glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) finally offered a great opportunity to shed some light on estrogen regulation of glycemic homeostasis. In this manuscript, we review the relationship between estrogen and DM, focusing on glycemic homeostasis, estrogen, ESR1/ESR2 and GLUT4. We review glycemic homeostasis and GLUT4 expression (muscle and adipose tissues) in Esr1-/- and Esr2-/- transgenic mice. We specifically address est

SUBMITTER: Gregorio KCR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7827878 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature