Microbiome, bile acids, and obesity: How microbially modified metabolites shape anti-tumor immunity.

ABSTRACT: Bile acids (BAs) are known facilitators of nutrient absorption but recent paradigm shifts now recognize BAs as signaling molecules regulating both innate and adaptive immunity. Bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver with subsequent microbial modification and fermentation adding complexity to pool composition. Bile acids act on several receptors such as Farnesoid X Receptor and the G protein-coupled BA receptor 1 (TGR5). Interestingly, BA receptors (BARs) are expressed on immune cells and activation either by BAs or BAR agonists modulates innate and adaptive immune cell populations skewing their polarization toward a more tolerogenic anti-inflammatory phenotype. Intriguingly, recent evidence also suggests that BAs promote anti-tumor immune response through activation and r

SUBMITTER: Sipe LM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7841960 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature