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HLA-DRB1 allelic epitopes that associate with autoimmune disease risk or protection activate reciprocal macrophage polarization.


ABSTRACT: Associations between particular human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and susceptibility to-or protection from-autoimmune diseases have been long observed. Allele-specific antigen presentation (AP) has been widely proposed as a culprit, but it is unclear whether HLA molecules might also have non-AP, disease-modulating effects. Here we demonstrate differential macrophage activation by HLA-DRB1 alleles known to associate with autoimmune disease risk or protection with resultant polarization of pro-inflammatory ("M1") versus anti-inflammatory ("M2") macrophages, respectively. RNA-sequencing analyses of in vitro-polarized macrophages in the presence of AP-incompetent short synthetic peptides corresponding to the third allelic hypervariable regions coded by those two HLA-DRB1 alleles showed reciprocal activation of pro- versus anti-inflammatory transcriptomes, with implication of corresponding gene ontologies and upstream regulators. These results identify a previously unrecognized mechanism of differential immune modulation by short HLA-DRB1-coded allelic epitopes independent of AP, and could shed new light on the mechanistic basis of HLA-disease association.

SUBMITTER: van Drongelen V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7844024 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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HLA-DRB1 allelic epitopes that associate with autoimmune disease risk or protection activate reciprocal macrophage polarization.

van Drongelen Vincent V   Scavuzzi Bruna Miglioranza BM   Nogueira Sarah Veloso SV   Miller Frederick W FW   Sawalha Amr H AH   Holoshitz Joseph J  

Scientific reports 20210128 1


Associations between particular human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and susceptibility to-or protection from-autoimmune diseases have been long observed. Allele-specific antigen presentation (AP) has been widely proposed as a culprit, but it is unclear whether HLA molecules might also have non-AP, disease-modulating effects. Here we demonstrate differential macrophage activation by HLA-DRB1 alleles known to associate with autoimmune disease risk or protection with resultant polarization of pro  ...[more]

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