Extracellular Vesicles in Oncology: from Immune Suppression to Immunotherapy.

ABSTRACT: Exosomes are involved in cell-to-cell communication and play a crucial role in cellular physiology. The role of exosomes in cancer has been widely explored. Tumor cells have evolved and adapted to evade the immune response. The study of the immune system's modulations in favor of rogue tumor cells led to the development of a novel immunotherapeutic strategy targeting the immune checkpoint proteins (ICPs). In clinical settings, the response to ICP therapy has been inconsistent and is difficult to predict. Quantitating the targeted ICPs through immunohistochemistry is one approach, but is not pragmatic in a clinical setting and is often not sensitive. Examining the molecules present in bodily fluids to determine ICP treatment response, "liquid biopsy" is a convenient alternative. The term "l

SUBMITTER: Srivastava A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7882565 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature