Glutamine Deprivation Promotes the Generation and Mobilization of MDSCs by Enhancing Expression of G-CSF and GM-CSF.

ABSTRACT: Solid tumors are often challenged by hypoxic and nutrient-deprived tumor microenvironments (TME) as tumors progress, due to limited perfusion and rapid nutrient consumption. While cancer cells can demonstrate the ability to survive in nutrient-deprived conditions through multiple intrinsic alterations, it is poorly understood how nutrient-deprived cancer cells co-opt the TME to promote cancer cell survival and tumor progression. In the present study, we found that glutamine deprivation markedly potentiated the expression of G-CSF and GM-CSF in mouse mammary cancer cells. The IRE1α-JNK pathway, which is activated by glutamine starvation, was found to be important for the upregulation of these cytokines. G-CSF and GM-CSF are well-known facilitators of myelopoiesis and mobilization of hematop

SUBMITTER: Sun HW 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7884351 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature