All-trans-retinoic acid ameliorates atherosclerosis, promotes perivascular adipose tissue browning, and increases adiponectin production in Apo-E mice.

ABSTRACT: All-trans-retinoic acid (atRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, exerts a potential role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. It has been shown that atRA ameliorates atherosclerosis while the exact mechanism underlying this protection remains unknown. This study investigated the influence of atRA on insulin resistance (IR), atherosclerosis, and the process of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) browning. Moreover, syntheses of adiponectin, adipokine with anti-atherogenic effects, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, were determined in PVAT. Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (Apo-E) and control C57BL/6J wild-type mice were treated with atRA (5 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (corn oil) by plastic feeding tubes for 8 weeks. Long-term atRA treatment in Apo-E mic

SUBMITTER: Kalisz M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7904836 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature