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Large cognitive fluctuations surrounding sleep in daily living.

ABSTRACT: Cognitive output and physical activity levels fluctuate surrounding sleep. The ubiquitous digitization of behavior via smartphones is a promising avenue for addressing how these fluctuations occur in daily living. Here, we logged smartphone touchscreen interactions to proxy cognitive fluctuations and contrasted these to physical activity patterns logged on wrist-worn actigraphy. We found that both cognitive and physical activities were dominated by diurnal (∼24 h) and infra-radian (∼7 days) rhythms. The proxy measures of cognitive performance-tapping speed, unlocking speed, and app locating speed-contained lower-powered diurnal rhythm than physical activity. The difference between cognitive and physical activity was vivid during bedtime as people continued to interact with their smartphones at physical rest. The cognitive performance measures in this period were worse than those in the hour before or after bedtime. We suggest that the rhythms underlying cognitive activity in the real world are distinct from those underlying physical activity, and this discord may be a hallmark of modern human behavior.

SUBMITTER: Huber R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7918275 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Large cognitive fluctuations surrounding sleep in daily living.

Huber Reto R Ghosh Arko A

iScience 20210207 3

Cognitive output and physical activity levels fluctuate surrounding sleep. The ubiquitous digitization of behavior via smartphones is a promising avenue for addressing how these fluctuations occur in daily living. Here, we logged smartphone touchscreen interactions to proxy cognitive fluctuations and contrasted these to physical activity patterns logged on wrist-worn actigraphy. We found that both cognitive and physical activities were dominated by diurnal (∼24 h) and infra-radian (∼7 days) rhyt ...[more]

PMID: 33681725

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Project description:Epidemiological studies based on statistical methods indicate inverse correlations between virus lifetime and both (i) daily mean temperature and (ii) diurnal temperature range (DTR). While thermodynamic models have been used to predict the effect of constant-temperature surroundings on virus inactivation rate, the relationship between virus lifetime and DTR has not been explained using first principles. Here, we model the inactivation of viruses based on temperature-dependent chemical kinetics with a time-varying temperature profile to account for the daily mean temperature and DTR simultaneously. The exponential Arrhenius relationship governing the rate of virus inactivation causes fluctuations above the daily mean temperature during daytime to increase the instantaneous rate of inactivation by a much greater magnitude than the corresponding decrease in inactivation rate during nighttime. This asymmetric behavior results in shorter predicted virus lifetimes when considering DTR and consequently reveals a potential physical mechanism for the inverse correlation observed between the number of cases and DTR reported in statistical epidemiological studies. In light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, a case study on the effect of daily mean temperature and DTR on the lifetime of SARS-CoV-2 was performed for the five most populous cities in the United States. In Los Angeles, where mean monthly temperature fluctuations are low (DTR ≈ 7 °C), accounting for DTR decreases predicted SARS-CoV-2 lifetimes by only 10%; conversely, accounting for DTR for a similar mean temperature but larger mean monthly temperature fluctuations in Phoenix (DTR ≈ 15 °C) decreases predicted lifetimes by 50%. The modeling framework presented here provides insight into the independent effects of mean temperature and DTR on virus lifetime, and a significant impact on transmission rate is expected, especially for viruses that pose a high risk of fomite-mediated transmission.

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Large cognitive fluctuations surrounding sleep in daily living.

Publications

Large cognitive fluctuations surrounding sleep in daily living.

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