Associations among Heavy Metals and Proteinuria and Chronic Kidney Disease.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing annually in Taiwan. In addition to traditional risk factors, heavy metals contribute to the development of CKD. The aim of this study was to investigate associations among heavy metals and proteinuria and CKD in the general population in Southern Taiwan. We also explored the interaction and synergetic effects among heavy metals on proteinuria.

Methods

We conducted a health survey in the general population living in Southern Taiwan between June 2016 and September 2018. Seven heavy metals were measured: blood lead (Pb) and urine nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd). Proteinuria was measured using reagent strips. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular f

SUBMITTER: Tsai HJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7918558 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature