Challenges of Cardio-Kidney Composite Outcomes in Large-Scale Clinical Trials.

ABSTRACT: Patients with chronic cardiovascular or metabolic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and heart failure, often have comorbid kidney disease. Long-term outcomes are worse in the setting of both cardiac and kidney disease compared with either disease in isolation. In addition, the clinical presentations of certain acute cardiovascular events (such as heart failure) and worsening kidney function overlap and may be challenging to distinguish. Recently, certain novel treatments have demonstrated beneficial effects on both cardiac and kidney outcomes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors have exhibited concordant risk reduction and clinically important benefits in chronic kidney disease with and without diabetes, diabetes and established cardiovascular disease or multiple a

SUBMITTER: Patel RB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7920916 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature