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Impact of mindfulness and self-compassion on anxiety and depression: The mediating role of resilience.

ABSTRACT: Background/Objective 'Third-wave' psychotherapies have shown effectiveness for treating psychopathological symptoms such as anxiety and depression. There is burgeoning interest in examining how these therapies' core constructs produce their therapeutic benefits. This study explores the hypothetical mediating effect of resilience in the impact of mindfulness and self-compassion on anxiety and depressive symptoms. Method: Cross-sectional study design. The sample consisted of 860 Spanish general population participants. The measures included the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-12), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale (GADS). Bivariate correlations were calculated, and path analysis models were performed. Results: Significant correlations were found between the study variables, always in the expected direction (all p values <.001). The path analysis models showed significant direct effects of mindfulness and self-compassion on anxiety and depression symptoms, but the only significant indirect effects through resilience were found on depression (MAAS: β = -.05, 95% CI = -.11 to -.02; SCS-12: β = -.06, 95% CI = -.33 to -.07). Conclusions: Resilience might partially mediate the effect of mindfulness and self-compassion on depression, but not on anxiety.

SUBMITTER: Perez-Aranda A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7957152 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May-Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Impact of mindfulness and self-compassion on anxiety and depression: The mediating role of resilience.

Pérez-Aranda Adrián A García-Campayo Javier J Gude Francisco F Luciano Juan V JV Feliu-Soler Albert A González-Quintela Arturo A López-Del-Hoyo Yolanda Y Montero-Marin Jesus J

International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHP 20210311 2

<i>Background/Objective</i> 'Third-wave' psychotherapies have shown effectiveness for treating psychopathological symptoms such as anxiety and depression. There is burgeoning interest in examining how these therapies' core constructs produce their therapeutic benefits. This study explores the hypothetical mediating effect of resilience in the impact of mindfulness and self-compassion on anxiety and depressive symptoms. <i>Method</i>: Cross-sectional study design. The sample consisted of 860 Span ...[more]

PMID: 33767736

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Project description:BackgroundAs the workload of clinical nursing continues to increase, the mental health of nurses has emerged as a critical area of concern. Self-compassion, moral resilience, and work engagement are essential components in enhancing the mental health of clinical nurses. Although it is well-established that self-compassion significantly contributes to improved work engagement, there remains a notable lack of research investigating the specific mechanisms through which self-compassion influences work engagement, particularly from the perspective of moral resilience. This study aimed to address this gap by examining the relationships among self-compassion, moral resilience, and work engagement in clinical nurses, while also validating the mediating role of moral resilience in the relationship between self-compassion and work engagement.MethodsThis study utilized a convenience sampling method to conduct a cross-sectional online survey involving 844 clinical nurses from four tertiary A hospitals in Xi'an, China, between January and March 2024. Participants completed self-report questionnaires that included the Self-Compassion Scale, the Rushton Moral Resilience Scale, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. The data analysis involved descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis H rank-sum test, Spearman correlation analysis, and the SPSS PROCESS macro.ResultsA significant positive correlation was observed between clinical nurses' self-compassion and moral resilience (r = 0.700, p < 0.01). Additionally, a significant positive correlation was identified between self-compassion and work engagement (r = 0.455, p < 0.01). Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between moral resilience and work engagement (r = 0.510, p < 0.01). Mediation analysis indicated that moral resilience partially mediates the relationship between clinical nurses' self-compassion and work engagement. The overall effect of self-compassion on work engagement (β = 0.493) consists of both a direct effect (β = 0.251) and an indirect effect mediated by moral resilience (β = 0.242). Notably, the mediating effect accounts for 49.09% of the total effect.ConclusionClinical nurses' moral resilience plays a mediating role in the relationship between self-compassion and work engagement. Nursing managers should prioritize fostering and enhancing the self-compassion and moral resilience of clinical nurses to effectively elevate their levels of work engagement. These targeted interventions can ultimately improve not only the mental health and professional well-being of nurses but also the overall quality of care delivered in medical institutions.

Project description:ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with a dramatic rise in symptoms of depression and anxiety. Dispositional mindfulness (DM) and self-compassion (SC) have consistently been associated with psychological disorder symptoms and appear to buffer the effects of stress on depression and anxiety.MethodsAcross two studies (n = 888), we examined direct and indirect (moderation) relationships of DM, SC, COVID-19-related stress, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. We also examined the differential effects of several DM measures (FFMQ-15; FFMQ-39; MAAS) in the relationships of COVID-19 stress and psychological disorder symptoms. We recruited participants (Study 1 n = 350; 42.2% cis women; Study 2 n = 538; 44.3% cis women) online (MTurk) and examined associations of DM, SC, and COVID-19 stress, and emotional impact, and the moderating effect of DM and SC in the relationships of COVID-19-related fears, stress, emotional impacts, and psychological disorder symptoms.ResultsDM and SC were moderately and negatively correlated with COVID-19 fears and stress (correlations ranging r = - .14 to r = - .42) across studies. Study 1 moderation analyses demonstrated SC, but not DM (FFMQ-15), significantly moderated relationships of COVID-19 fears and emotional impacts with symptoms. Study 2 analyses demonstrated the FFMQ-39, but not the MAAS, significantly moderated relationships of COVID-19 stress and psychological disorder symptoms.ConclusionsThese results support the potential protective roles of DM and SC in disrupting pathological trajectories related to naturally elevated pandemic stress. Results also demonstrate the differential associations of several DM measures with COVID-19 stress. Future research should replicate such findings with more diverse samples and using various measures of self-compassion and risk metrics.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12671-022-02008-0.

Project description:Introduction: Many individuals and families are currently experiencing a high level of COVID-19-related stress and are struggling to find helpful coping mechanisms. Mindfulness-based interventions are becoming an increasingly popular treatment for individuals experiencing depression and chronic levels of stress. The app (Serene) draws from scholarly evidence on the efficacy of mindfulness meditations and builds on the pre-existing apps by incorporating techniques that are used in some therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to a 4-week mindfulness and self-compassion-based cognitive smartphone intervention (Serene) or a wait-list control group. They were instructed to engage in self-compassion and mindfulness practices and a cognitive restructuring task. They also completed measures that evaluated their levels of depression, stress, anxiety, self-compassion, wisdom, psychological well-being, and subjective well-being. The intervention group was also instructed to track their weekly engagement with the app. Standardized effect sizes for between-group differences were calculated using Cohen's d for complete case analyses. Results: Complete case analyses from baseline to the end of this randomized controlled trial demonstrated significant moderate between-group differences for depressive symptoms (d = -0.43) and decisiveness (d = 0.34). Moderate between-group differences were also found for self-compassion (d = 0.6) such that significant improvements in self-kindness, common humanity, mindfulness and decreases in self-judgement, isolation, and overidentification were observed. A small between-group difference was found for emotional regulation (d = 0.28). Moreover, a significant moderate within-group decrease in stress (d = -0.52) and anxiety symptoms (d = -0.47) was also observed in the intervention group. Conclusions: Serene is an effective intervention that promotes increased levels of self-compassion and emotional regulation. Engaging with Serene may help reduce depressive symptoms through mindfulness, self-compassion, and cognitive restructuring which help reduce overidentification with one's negative emotions. As individuals rebalance their thinking through cognitive restructuring, they can identify the varying stressors in their life, develop action plans and engage in adaptive coping strategies to address them. Serene may promote greater self-understanding which may provide one with a more balanced perspective on their current upsetting situations to positively transform their challenges during the pandemic.

Project description:BackgroundEthical leadership is crucial in nursing management, and self-compassion is increasingly recognized as a significant factor influencing nurses' job performance. Although the link between ethical leadership and nurse job performance has been established, the specific mechanisms that underlie this relationship remain unclear. Additionally, there is a paucity of research examining the potential role of self-compassion in this context. This study aims to investigate the relationship between self-compassion, ethical leadership, and nurses' job performance while also validating the mediating role of self-compassion.MethodsThis study employed a convenience sampling method to conduct a cross-sectional online survey involving 968 nurses from four tertiary-level hospitals in Xi'an, China, conducted between April and May 2024. Participants completed self-report questionnaires that included the Ethical Leadership Scale, Self-Compassion Scale, and Job Performance Scale. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test, Spearman correlation analysis, and the PROCESS tool within SPSS.ResultsThe analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between ethical leadership and self-compassion (r = 0.631, p < 0.01), as well as between ethical leadership and job performance (r = 0.688, p < 0.01). Additionally, a positive correlation was found between self-compassion and job performance (r = 0.564, p < 0.01). Mediation analysis indicated that self-compassion partially mediated the relationship between ethical leadership and job performance. The overall impact of ethical leadership on job performance (β = 0.680) comprised a direct effect (β = 0.499) and an indirect effect mediated by self-compassion (β = 0.181). The mediating effect accounted for 26.62% of the total effect.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that ethical leadership not only directly predicts nurses' job performance but also indirectly influences it by enhancing their levels of self-compassion. Consequently, nursing managers should prioritize the cultivation and reinforcement of ethical leadership styles while fostering a supportive environment that promotes effective self-compassion practices. Implementing these strategies is essential for improving nurses' job performance and well-being, ultimately contributing to a higher quality of care and greater stability within the nursing team.

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Impact of mindfulness and self-compassion on anxiety and depression: The mediating role of resilience.

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Impact of mindfulness and self-compassion on anxiety and depression: The mediating role of resilience.

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