Immune Checkpoints Pathways in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

ABSTRACT: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous group of tumors usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and characterized by a poor prognosis. The main risk factors associated with its development include tobacco and alcohol consumption and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections. The immune system has a significant role in the oncogenesis and evolution of this cancer type. Notably, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment triggers immune escape through several mechanisms. The improved understanding of the antitumor immune response in solid tumors and the role of the immune checkpoint molecules and other immune regulators have led to the development of novel therapeutic strategies that revolutionized the clinical management of HNSCC. However, the limited overall response

SUBMITTER: Veigas F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7957692 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature