Innate immune signatures to a partially-efficacious HIV vaccine predict correlates of HIV-1 infection risk.

ABSTRACT: The pox-protein regimen tested in the RV144 trial is the only vaccine strategy demonstrated to prevent HIV-1 infection. Subsequent analyses identified antibody and cellular immune responses as correlates of risk (CoRs) for HIV infection. Early predictors of these CoRs could provide insight into vaccine-induced protection and guide efforts to enhance vaccine efficacy. Using specimens from a phase 1b trial of the RV144 regimen in HIV-1-uninfected South Africans (HVTN 097), we profiled innate responses to the first ALVAC-HIV immunization. PBMC transcriptional responses peaked 1 day post-vaccination. Type I and II interferon signaling pathways were activated, as were innate pathways critical for adaptive immune priming. We then identified two innate immune transcriptional signatures strongly a

SUBMITTER: Andersen-Nissen E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7959397 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature