Dataset Information

Virological and immunological features of SARS-CoV-2-infected children who develop neutralizing antibodies.

ABSTRACT: As the global COVID-19 pandemic progresses, it is paramount to gain knowledge on adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in children to define immune correlates of protection upon immunization or infection. We analyzed anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and their neutralizing activity (PRNT) in 66 COVID-19-infected children at 7 (±2) days after symptom onset. Individuals with specific humoral responses presented faster virus clearance and lower viral load associated with a reduced in vitro infectivity. We demonstrated that the frequencies of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4⁺CD40L⁺ T cells and Spike-specific B cells were associated with the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the magnitude of neutralizing activity. The plasma proteome confirmed the association between cellular and humoral SARS-CoV-2 immunity, and PRNT⁺ patients show higher viral signal transduction molecules (SLAMF1, CD244, CLEC4G). This work sheds lights on cellular and humoral anti-SARS-CoV-2 responses in children, which may drive future vaccination trial endpoints and quarantine measures policies.

SUBMITTER: Cotugno N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7962998 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Virological and immunological features of SARS-CoV-2-infected children who develop neutralizing antibodies.

Cotugno Nicola N Ruggiero Alessandra A Bonfante Francesco F Petrara Maria Raffaella MR Zicari Sonia S Pascucci Giuseppe Rubens GR Zangari Paola P De Ioris Maria Antonietta MA Santilli Veronica V Manno E C EC Amodio Donato D Bortolami Alessio A Pagliari Matteo M Concato Carlo C Linardos Giulia G Campana Andrea A Donà Daniele D Giaquinto Carlo C Brodin Petter P Rossi Paolo P De Rossi Anita A Palma Paolo P

Cell reports 20210301 11

As the global COVID-19 pandemic progresses, it is paramount to gain knowledge on adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in children to define immune correlates of protection upon immunization or infection. We analyzed anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and their neutralizing activity (PRNT) in 66 COVID-19-infected children at 7 (±2) days after symptom onset. Individuals with specific humoral responses presented faster virus clearance and lower viral load associated with a reduced in vitro infectivity. We demon ...[more]

PMID: 33730580

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Project description:BackgroundIntroduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa was a hot debate due to many concerns about adherence, logistics and resistance. Currently, it has been significantly scaled up. However as the WHO clinico-immunological approaches for initiation and monitoring of ART in the region lacks viral load determination and drug resistance monitoring, HIV infected adults and children may be at risk for "unrecognized" virologic failure and the subsequent development of antiretroviral drug resistance. This study evaluates the virological efficacy and immunological recovery of HIV/AIDS patients under ART.MethodsConsecutive HIV-1 infected adults (N = 100) and children (N = 100) who have been receiving ART for up to 6 years at Gondar University Hospital, Ethiopia were enrolled following the WHO protocol for assessment of acquired drug resistance. Magnitude of viral suppression, genotypic drug resistance mutations and patterns of CD4+ T cell recovery were determined using standard virological and immunological methods.ResultsVirological suppression (HIV RNA < 40 copies/ml) was observed in 82 and 87% of adults and children on a median time of 24 months on ART, respectively. Mutation K103N conferring resistance to non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and thymidine analogue mutations (M41L, L210W) were found only in one adult and child patient, respectively. Median CD4+ T cell count has increased from baseline 124 to 266 (IQR: 203-306) and 345 (IQR: 17-1435) to 998 (IQR: 678-2205) cells/mm3 in adults and children respectively after 12 months of ART. Nevertheless, small but significant number of clinically asymptomatic adults (16%) and children (13%) had low level viraemia (HIV-1 RNA 41-1000 copies/ml).ConclusionsMajority of both adults (82%) and children (87%) who received ART showed high viral suppression and immunological recovery. This indicates that despite limited resources in the setting virological efficacy can be sustained for a substantial length of time and also enhance immunological recovery irrespective of age. However, the presence of drug resistance mutations and low level viraemia among clinically asymptomatic patients highlights the need for virological monitoring.

Dataset Information

Virological and immunological features of SARS-CoV-2-infected children who develop neutralizing antibodies.

Publications

Virological and immunological features of SARS-CoV-2-infected children who develop neutralizing antibodies.

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