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Genome Sequences of 26 White Sucker Hepatitis B Virus Isolates from White Sucker, Catostomus commersonii, Inhabiting Transboundary Waters from Alberta, Canada, to the Great Lakes, USA.

ABSTRACT: We report 26 genome sequences of the white sucker hepatitis B virus (WSHBV) from the white sucker, Catostomus commersonii The genome length ranged from 3,541 to 3,543 bp, and nucleotide identity was 96.7% or greater across genomes. This work suggests a geographical range of this virus that minimally extends from the Athabasca River, Alberta, Canada, to the Great Lakes, USA.

SUBMITTER: Adams CR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7975886 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genome Sequences of 26 White Sucker Hepatitis B Virus Isolates from White Sucker, Catostomus commersonii, Inhabiting Transboundary Waters from Alberta, Canada, to the Great Lakes, USA.

Adams Cynthia R CR Blazer Vicki S VS Sherry Jim J Cornman Robert S RS Iwanowicz Luke R LR

Microbiology resource announcements 20210318 11

We report 26 genome sequences of the white sucker hepatitis B virus (WSHBV) from the white sucker, <i>Catostomus commersonii</i> The genome length ranged from 3,541 to 3,543 bp, and nucleotide identity was 96.7% or greater across genomes. This work suggests a geographical range of this virus that minimally extends from the Athabasca River, Alberta, Canada, to the Great Lakes, USA. ...[more]

PMID: 33737368

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Project description:UnlabelledThe white sucker Catostomus commersonii is a freshwater teleost often utilized as a resident sentinel. Here, we sequenced the full genome of a hepatitis B-like virus that infects white suckers from the Great Lakes Region of the United States. Dideoxy sequencing confirmed that the white sucker hepatitis B virus (WSHBV) has a circular genome (3,542 bp) with the prototypical codon organization of hepadnaviruses. Electron microscopy demonstrated that complete virions of approximately 40 nm were present in the plasma of infected fish. Compared to avi- and orthohepadnaviruses, sequence conservation of the core, polymerase, and surface proteins was low and ranged from 16 to 27% at the amino acid level. An X protein homologue common to the orthohepadnaviruses was not present. The WSHBV genome included an atypical, presumptively noncoding region absent in previously described hepadnaviruses. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed WSHBV as distinct from previously documented hepadnaviruses. The level of divergence in protein sequences between WSHBV and other hepadnaviruses and the identification of an HBV-like sequence in an African cichlid provide evidence that a novel genus of the family Hepadnaviridae may need to be established that includes these hepatitis B-like viruses in fishes. Viral transcription was observed in 9.5% (16 of 169) of white suckers evaluated. The prevalence of hepatic tumors in these fish was 4.9%, and only 2.4% of fish were positive for both virus and hepatic tumors. These results are not sufficient to draw inferences regarding the association of WSHBV and carcinogenesis in white sucker.ImportanceWe report the first full-length genome of a hepadnavirus from fishes. Phylogenetic analysis of this genome indicates divergence from genomes of previously described hepadnaviruses from mammalian and avian hosts and supports the creation of a novel genus. The discovery of this novel virus may better our understanding of the evolutionary history of hepatitis B-like viruses of other hosts. In fishes, knowledge of this virus may provide insight regarding possible risk factors associated with hepatic neoplasia in the white sucker. This may also offer another model system for mechanistic research.

Project description:Hepatitis B viruses belong to a family of circular, double-stranded DNA viruses that infect a range of organisms, with host responses that vary from mild infection to chronic infection and cancer. The white sucker hepatitis B virus (WSHBV) was first described in the white sucker (Catostomus commersonii), a freshwater teleost, and belongs to the genus Parahepadnavirus. At present, the host range of WSHBV and its impact on fish health are unknown, and neither genetic diversity nor association with fish health have been studied in any parahepadnavirus. Given the relevance of genomic diversity to disease outcome for the orthohepadnaviruses, we sought to characterize genomic variation in WSHBV and determine how it is structured among watersheds. We identified WSHBV-positive white sucker inhabiting tributaries of Lake Michigan, Lake Superior, Lake Erie (USA), and Lake Athabasca (Canada). Copy number in plasma and in liver tissue was estimated via qPCR. Templates from 27 virus-positive fish were amplified and sequenced using a primer-specific, circular long-range amplification method coupled with amplicon sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq. Phylogenetic analysis of the WSHBV genome identified phylogeographical clustering reminiscent of that observed with human hepatitis B virus genotypes. Notably, most non-synonymous substitutions were found to cluster in the pre-S/spacer overlap region, which is relevant for both viral entry and replication. The observed predominance of p1/s3 mutations in this region is indicative of adaptive change in the polymerase open reading frame (ORF), while, at the same time, the surface ORF is under purifying selection. Although the levels of variation we observed do not meet the criteria used to define sub/genotypes of human and avian hepadnaviruses, we identified geographically associated genome variation in the pre-S and spacer domain sufficient to define five WSHBV haplotypes. This study of WSHBV genetic diversity should facilitate the development of molecular markers for future identification of genotypes and provide evidence in future investigations of possible differential disease outcomes.

Dataset Information

Genome Sequences of 26 White Sucker Hepatitis B Virus Isolates from White Sucker, Catostomus commersonii, Inhabiting Transboundary Waters from Alberta, Canada, to the Great Lakes, USA.

Publications

Genome Sequences of 26 White Sucker Hepatitis B Virus Isolates from White Sucker, Catostomus commersonii, Inhabiting Transboundary Waters from Alberta, Canada, to the Great Lakes, USA.

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