New insights into ice multiplication using remote-sensing observations of slightly supercooled mixed-phase clouds in the Arctic.

ABSTRACT: Secondary ice production (SIP) can significantly enhance ice particle number concentrations in mixed-phase clouds, resulting in a substantial impact on ice mass flux and evolution of cold cloud systems. SIP is especially important at temperatures warmer than -[Formula: see text]C, for which primary ice nucleation lacks a significant number of efficient ice nucleating particles. However, determining the climatological significance of SIP has proved difficult using existing observational methods. Here we quantify the long-term occurrence of secondary ice events and their multiplication factors in slightly supercooled clouds using a multisensor, remote-sensing technique applied to 6 y of ground-based radar measurements in the Arctic. Further, we assess the potential contribution of the underl

SUBMITTER: Luke EP 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8020765 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature