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Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension: A nationwide cross-sectional study in Lebanon.

ABSTRACT: There is limited epidemiologic data on hypertension (HTN) in Lebanon. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of HTN in the adult Lebanese population and evaluate the association between dietary and psychological factors on systolic blood pressure (SBP). Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using a multistage cluster sample across Lebanon. A total of 2014 participants were included. The prevalence and control rates of HTN were 31.2% and 28.7%, respectively. In women, educational level and physical activity were negatively associated with HTN (P < .05 for both) and adherence to the Lebanese Mediterranean diet was associated with a lower SBP. Other factors were associated with HTN in men. There was no relationship with SBP and psychological distress. Of the modifiable risk factors, body mass index persisted as the only contributory factor in both sexes (P < .01). Accordingly, prevention of HTN at the population level should focus mainly on overweight prevention.

SUBMITTER: Cherfan M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8031217 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension: A nationwide cross-sectional study in Lebanon.

Cherfan Michelle M Blacher Jacques J Asmar Roland R Chahine Mirna N MN Zeidan Rouba K RK Farah Rita R Salameh Pascale P

Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) 20180331 5

There is limited epidemiologic data on hypertension (HTN) in Lebanon. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of HTN in the adult Lebanese population and evaluate the association between dietary and psychological factors on systolic blood pressure (SBP). Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using a multistage cluster sample across Lebanon. A total of 2014 participants were included. The prevalence and control rates of HTN were 31.2% and 28.7%, respectively. In ...[more]

PMID: 29604167

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Project description:Although resistant hypertension (RH) is known to be associated with higher rates of cardiovascular events than is non-RH, there are no reported data on the prevalence of RH in Korean patients. We evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of RH among hypertensive patients treated at primary clinics in Korea.Between August 2010 and January 2011, 247 primary care physicians enrolled 3088 patients with essential hypertension. We acquired demographic and anthropometric data using a questionnaire, evaluated blood pressure, and conducted a variety of laboratory tests using serum and urine. RH was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg with the use of three antihypertensive agents of different classes, including a diuretic, or controlled hypertension with the use of four or more medications.We analyzed 3088 patients with hypertension, 48.3 % of whom were men. The mean age of patients was 64.3 ± 11.3 years and the prevalence of RH was 7.9 %. Patients with RH were more likely to be men, and to have higher waist circumference, increased blood levels of HbA1c, triglycerides, and serum creatinine, lower blood levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and higher rates of current smoker, history of heart failure or coronary artery disease, and electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), than were patients with non-RH (all comparisons, P < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, RH was shown to be significantly associated with the following conditions: presence of electrocardiographic LVH (odds ratio [OR] 2.23, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.34-3.71), current smoker (OR 1.75, 95 % CI 1.27-2.40), renal impairment (OR 1.65, 95 % CI 1.23-2.22), abdominal obesity (OR 1.60, 95 % CI 1.20-2.13), and cardiovascular diseases (OR 1.50, 95 % CI 1.04-2.17).The prevalence of RH was relatively low at primary clinics in Korea compared with the prevalence reported in other countries. RH was associated with electrocardiographically confirmed LVH, renal impairment, current smoker, abdominal obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. These are the first reported data of RH in Korea. Our findings may be helpful in the early detection and thorough clinical management of patients with RH at primary clinics.

Project description:Background The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) has been increasing steadily worldwide, especially in countries with increasing industrialization such as China. However, available evidence regarding AR prevalence among Chinese adults is scarce and limited to regional data collected in earlier years. We therefore aimed to provide a more recent and robust estimate of AR prevalence using a nationwide representative cross-sectional study in China. Methods Data of 184 326 participants aged 18 years or older were obtained from the China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance conducted in 2018–2019. AR was determined by self-reported sneezing, nasal itching, obstruction, or rhinorrhea symptoms for at least 1 h in the absence of a cold or flu within the last 12 months. Multivariable logistic model was used to examine the risk factors of AR, and a possible non-linear relationship was further tested by restricted cubic spline. Potential additive interactions of risk factors with sex, residence, and geographic region were assessed by relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI). Results The weighted prevalence of AR was 8.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.4%–8.7%), of whom 23.7% (95% CI, 21.3%–26.0%) were aware of their diagnosis. Increased odds of AR were associated with younger age, men, living in urban area or north region, more education, smoking, underweight, and higher income. Despite the nonsignificant linear trend, the spline regression demonstrated a non-linear association between AR and sleep duration, with higher odds at both ends. Additionally, the observed associations were generally stronger among men and people living in urban area and north region, with significant RERI ranging from 0.07 (95% CI, 0.00–0.14) to 0.40 (95% CI, 0.12–0.67). Conclusions AR is prevalent in China and the associated factors and interactions are helpful to design targeted preventive strategies towards certain subpopulations. The low awareness of AR calls for a national effort on AR screening.

Project description:ObjectivesThis is the first attempt to provide estimates on the prevalence of hypertension at the national, state and district level, a prerequisite for designing effective interventions. Besides, the study aims to identify the risk factors of hypertension.DesignWe analysed cross-sectional survey data from the fourth round (2015-2016) of National Family Health Survey (NFHS). NFHS was conducted between January 2015 and December 2016, gathering information on a range of indicators including blood pressure. The age adjusted prevalence of hypertension was calculated for state comparison, while multilevel logistic regression analysis was done to assess the correlates of hypertension.Setting and participantsIndia (2015-2016; n=811 917) aged 15-49.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome is hypertension, which has been defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg.ResultsThe age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension in India was 11.3% (95% CI 11.16% to 11.43%) among persons aged between 15 and 49 and was four percentage points higher among males 13.8% (95% CI 13.46% to 14.19%) than among females 10.9% (95% CI 10.79% to 11.06%). Persons in the urban location (12.5%, 95% CI 12.25% to 12.80%) had a marginally higher prevalence than persons in rural location (10.6%, 95% CI 10.50% to 10.78%). The proportion of population suffering from hypertension varied greatly between states, with a prevalence of 8.2% (95% CI 7.58% to 8.85%) in Kerala to 20.3% (95% CI 18.81% to 21.77%) in Sikkim. Advancing age, obesity/overweight, male sex, socioeconomic status and consumption of alcohol were found to be the major predictors of hypertension.ConclusionsHypertension prevalence is now becoming more concentrated among the poor. Policy measures should be taken to improve the hazardous working conditions and growing social pressures of survival responsible for 'life-style' changes such as consumption of high calorie food and alcohol.

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Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension: A nationwide cross-sectional study in Lebanon.

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Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension: A nationwide cross-sectional study in Lebanon.

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