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GD2-specific CAR T cells encapsulated in an injectable hydrogel control retinoblastoma and preserve vision.

ABSTRACT: Retinoblastoma (RB) is a pediatric retinal tumor that overexpresses the ganglioside GD2. Although it is treatable in patients with early diagnosis, patients may lose one or two eyes. We generated GD2-specific chimeric antigen receptor T lymphocytes (GD2.CAR-Ts) and locally delivered them to mice with an in-situ grafting RB. When used in combination with the local release of interleukin (IL)-15 and an injectable hydrogel, we showed that GD2.CAR-Ts successfully eliminate RB tumor cells without impairment of the mouse vision.

SUBMITTER: Wang K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8061756 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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GD2-specific CAR T cells encapsulated in an injectable hydrogel control retinoblastoma and preserve vision.

Wang Kai K Chen Yuhui Y Ahn Sarah S Zheng Min M Landoni Elisa E Dotti Gianpietro G Savoldo Barbara B Han Zongchao Z

Nature cancer 20201012 10

Retinoblastoma (RB) is a pediatric retinal tumor that overexpresses the ganglioside GD2. Although it is treatable in patients with early diagnosis, patients may lose one or two eyes. We generated GD2-specific chimeric antigen receptor T lymphocytes (GD2.CAR-Ts) and locally delivered them to mice with an in-situ grafting RB. When used in combination with the local release of interleukin (IL)-15 and an injectable hydrogel, we showed that GD2.CAR-Ts successfully eliminate RB tumor cells without imp ...[more]

PMID: 33898999

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Project description:BackgroundChimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based T cell therapy is in early clinical trials to target the neuroectodermal tumor, neuroblastoma. No preclinical or clinical efficacy data are available for retinoblastoma to date. Whereas unilateral intraocular retinoblastoma is cured by enucleation of the eye, infiltration of the optic nerve indicates potential diffuse scattering and tumor spread leading to a major therapeutic challenge. CAR-T cell therapy could improve the currently limited therapeutic strategies for metastasized retinoblastoma by simultaneously killing both primary tumor and metastasizing malignant cells and by reducing chemotherapy-related late effects.MethodsCD171 and GD2 expression was flow cytometrically analyzed in 11 retinoblastoma cell lines. CD171 expression and T cell infiltration (CD3+) was immunohistochemically assessed in retrospectively collected primary retinoblastomas. The efficacy of CAR-T cells targeting the CD171 and GD2 tumor-associated antigens was preclinically tested against three antigen-expressing retinoblastoma cell lines. CAR-T cell activation and exhaustion were assessed by cytokine release assays and flow cytometric detection of cell surface markers, and killing ability was assessed in cytotoxic assays. CAR constructs harboring different extracellular spacer lengths (short/long) and intracellular co-stimulatory domains (CD28/4-1BB) were compared to select the most potent constructs.ResultsAll retinoblastoma cell lines investigated expressed CD171 and GD2. CD171 was expressed in 15/30 primary retinoblastomas. Retinoblastoma cell encounter strongly activated both CD171-specific and GD2-specific CAR-T cells. Targeting either CD171 or GD2 effectively killed all retinoblastoma cell lines examined. Similar activation and killing ability for either target was achieved by all CAR constructs irrespective of the length of the extracellular spacers and the co-stimulatory domain. Cell lines differentially lost tumor antigen expression upon CAR-T cell encounter, with CD171 being completely lost by all tested cell lines and GD2 further down-regulated in cell lines expressing low GD2 levels before CAR-T cell challenge. Alternating the CAR-T cell target in sequential challenges enhanced retinoblastoma cell killing.ConclusionBoth CD171 and GD2 are effective targets on human retinoblastoma cell lines, and CAR-T cell therapy is highly effective against retinoblastoma in vitro. Targeting of two different antigens by sequential CAR-T cell applications enhanced tumor cell killing and preempted tumor antigen loss in preclinical testing.

Dataset Information

GD2-specific CAR T cells encapsulated in an injectable hydrogel control retinoblastoma and preserve vision.

Publications

GD2-specific CAR T cells encapsulated in an injectable hydrogel control retinoblastoma and preserve vision.

Similar Datasets

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