Dataset Information

Spectroscopic Estimation of N Concentration in Wheat Organs for Assessing N Remobilization Under Different Irrigation Regimes.

ABSTRACT: Nitrogen (N) remobilization is a critical process that provides substantial N to winter wheat grains for improving yield productivity. Here, the remobilization of N from anthesis to maturity in two wheat cultivars under three irrigation regimes was measured and its relationship to organ N concentration was examined. Based on spectral data of organ powder samples, partial least squares regression (PLSR) models were calibrated to estimate N concentration (N _mass) and validated against laboratory-based measurements. Although spectral reflectance could accurately estimate N _mass, the PLSR-based N _mass-spectra predictive model was found to be organ-specific, organs at the top canopy (chaff and top three leaves) received the best predictions (R ² > 0.88). In addition, N remobilization efficiency (NRE) in the top two leaves and top third internode was highly correlated with its corresponding N concentration change (ΔN _mass) with an R ² of 0.90. ΔN _mass of the top first internode (TIN1) explained 78% variation of the whole-plant NRE. This study provides a proof of concept for estimating N concentration and assessing N remobilization using hyperspectral data of individual organs, which offers a non-chemical and low-cost approach to screen germplasms for an optimal NRE in drought-resistance breeding.

SUBMITTER: Li W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8062884 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Spectroscopic Estimation of N Concentration in Wheat Organs for Assessing N Remobilization Under Different Irrigation Regimes.

Li Wei W Zhou Xiaonan X Yu Kang K Zhang Zhen Z Liu Yang Y Hu Naiyue N Liu Ying Y Yao Chunsheng C Yang Xiaoguang X Wang Zhimin Z Zhang Yinghua Y

Frontiers in plant science 20210409

Nitrogen (N) remobilization is a critical process that provides substantial N to winter wheat grains for improving yield productivity. Here, the remobilization of N from anthesis to maturity in two wheat cultivars under three irrigation regimes was measured and its relationship to organ N concentration was examined. Based on spectral data of organ powder samples, partial least squares regression (PLSR) models were calibrated to estimate N concentration (<i>N</i> <sub>mass</sub>) and validated ag ...[more]

PMID: 33897747

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Project description:The incorporation of nondestructive and cost-effective tools in genetic drought studies in combination with reliable indirect screening criteria that exhibit high heritability and genetic correlations will be critical for addressing the water deficit challenges of the agricultural sector under arid conditions and ensuring the success of genotype development. In this study, the proximal spectral reflectance data were exploited to assess three destructive agronomic parameters [dry weight (DW) and water content (WC) of the aboveground biomass and grain yield (GY)] in 30 recombinant F7 and F8 inbred lines (RILs) growing under full (FL) and limited (LM) irrigation regimes. The utility of different groups of spectral reflectance indices (SRIs) as an indirect assessment tool was tested based on heritability and genetic correlations. The performance of the SRIs and different models of partial least squares regression (PLSR) and stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) in estimating the destructive parameters was considered. Generally, all groups of SRIs, as well as different models of PLSR and SMLR, generated better estimations for destructive parameters under LM and combined FL+LM than under FL. Even though most of the SRIs exhibited a low association with destructive parameters under FL, they exhibited moderate to high genetic correlations and also had high heritability. The SRIs based on near-infrared (NIR)/visible (VIS) and NIR/NIR, especially those developed in this study, spectral band intervals extracted within VIS, red edge, and NIR spectral range, or individual effective wavelengths relevant to green, red, red edge, and middle NIR spectral region, were found to be more effective in estimating the destructive parameters under all conditions. Five models of SMLR and PLSR for each condition explained most of the variation in the three destructive parameters among genotypes. These models explained 42% to 46%, 19% to 30%, and 39% to 46% of the variation in DW, WC, and GY among genotypes under FL, 69% to 72%, 59% to 61%, and 77% to 81% under LM, and 71% to 75%, 61% to 71%, and 74% to 78% under FL+LM, respectively. Overall, these results confirmed that application of hyperspectral reflectance sensing in breeding programs is not only important for evaluating a sufficient number of genotypes in an expeditious and cost-effective manner but also could be exploited to develop indirect breeding traits that aid in accelerating the development of genotypes for application under adverse environmental conditions.

Project description:The ever-rising trend of nitrate leaching from the agricultural production systems is a major risk to the contamination of ground- and surface-waters and should be addressed. But so far, there has been no study on the reduction of nitrate leaching from saffron fields through intercropping. Saffron growers can make a sustainable use of the saffron inter-row spaces through the strategy of winter-wheat/saffron base intercropping system to reduce nitrate leaching. During four years of study, in a set of lysimeters, effects of two cropping systems (saffron mono-cropping and saffron-wheat intercropping), application of two sources of nitrogen (organic cow manure and chemical granular urea) and four irrigation regimes [40, 60, 80, and 100% of the standard crop evapotranspiration (ETc)] on plant nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, nitrogen leaching and nitrogen and phosphorus efficiencies were investigated. The optimum irrigation regime was experienced at 60% ETc (with irrigation application efficiency of 60%, equivalent to 100%ETc) where the highest saffron and wheat nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) uptake, nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) harvest indices, nutrient acquisition and use efficiencies, corm, saffron, and grain yields and lowest nitrogen loss was achieved. Moreover, manure application indicated 12, 42, 50 and 46% lower amounts of drained water, leachate nitrate nitrogen concentration, total leached nitrogen and N losses (other than N leaching), respectively, in comparison to the urea source of nitrogen showing the lower risk of groundwater nitrate pollution. Manure application showed 9, 8 and 9% increase in the concentration of corm nitrogen, phosphorus and protein, respectively, in comparison to urea application treatment. Saffron corm and stigma yields, irrigation and economic water productivities, corm nitrogen use efficiency and saffron-plant-nitrogen-acquisition efficiency in manure application surpassed respectively by 21, 25, 20, 17, 39 and 49% compared with the chemical source of nitrogen. Intercropping showed 10, 11, 23 and 64% lower amounts of drained water, nitrate concentration in drainage water, seasonal leached nitrate and N losses (other than N leaching), respectively compared to saffron sole cropping which reduces the risk of groundwaters nitrate contamination. For all the experimental treatments, empirical regression models were derived for estimation of seasonal leached nitrate based on the seasonal drained water. Intercropping saffron with winter wheat, application of organic cow manure and adopting irrigation regime of 60% ETc is an innovative system of saffron production which mitigates the risk of groundwater nitrate contamination and increases irrigation and economic water productivities. Saffron growers can make sustainable and clean use of the inter-row spaces of the saffron crop to grow winter wheat in order to obtain higher economic water productivity and lower groundwater nitrate pollution, and it is highly recommended to maintain a sustainable environment.

Project description:Progression of leaf senescence consists of both degenerative and nutrient recycling processes in crops including wheat. However, the levels of metabolites in flag leaves in spring-cultivated wheat, as well as biosynthetic pathways involved under different nitrogen fertilization regimes, are largely unknown. Therefore, the present study employed a widely untargeted metabolomic profiling strategy to identify metabolites and biosynthetic pathways that could be used in a wheat improvement program aimed at manipulating the rate and onset of senescence by handling spring wheat (Dingxi 38) flag leaves sampled from no-, low-, and high-nitrogen (N) conditions (designated Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively) across three sampling times: anthesis, grain filling, and end grain filling stages. Through ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, a total of 826 metabolites comprising 107 flavonoids, 51 phenol lipids, 37 fatty acyls, 37 organooxygen compounds, 31 steroids and steroid derivatives, 18 phenols, and several unknown compounds were detected. Upon the application of the stringent screening criteria for differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), 28 and 23 metabolites were differentially accumulated in Group 1_vs_Group 2 and Group 1_vs_Group 3, respectively. From these, 1-O-Caffeoylglucose, Rhoifolin, Eurycomalactone;Ingenol, 4-Methoxyphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, and Baldrinal were detected as core conserved DAMs among the three groups with all accumulated higher in Group 1 than in the other two groups. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that tropane, piperidine, and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis; acarbose and validamycin biosynthesis; lysine degradation; and biosynthesis of alkaloids derived from ornithine, lysine, and nicotinic acid pathways were the most significantly (p < 0.05) enriched in Group 1_vs_Group 2, while flavone and flavonol as well as anthocyanins biosynthetic pathways were the most significantly (p < 0.05) enriched in Group 1_vs_Group 3. The results from this study provide a foundation for the manipulation of the onset and rate of leaf senescence and N remobilization in wheat.

Dataset Information

Spectroscopic Estimation of N Concentration in Wheat Organs for Assessing N Remobilization Under Different Irrigation Regimes.

Publications

Spectroscopic Estimation of N Concentration in Wheat Organs for Assessing N Remobilization Under Different Irrigation Regimes.

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