Early humoral response among lung transplant recipients vaccinated with BNT162b2 vaccine.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Shostak Y
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8099313 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Early humoral response among lung transplant recipients vaccinated with BNT162b2 vaccine.
Shostak Yael Y Shafran Noa N Heching Moshe M Rosengarten Dror D Shtraichman Osnat O Shitenberg Dorit D Amor Shai M SM Yahav Dafna D Ben Zvi Haim H Pertzov Barak B Kramer Mordechai R MR
The Lancet. Respiratory medicine 20210505 6
Similar Datasets
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC9111345 | biostudies-literature
Project description:As solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients remain at risk of severe outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infections, vaccination continues to be an important preventive measure. In SOT recipients previously vaccinated with at least three doses of BNT162b2, we investigated humoral responses to BNT162b2 booster doses. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin G (IgG) was measured using an in-house ELISA. Linear mixed models were fitted to investigate the change in the geometric mean concentration (GMC) of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG after vaccination in participants with intervals of more or less than six months between the last two doses of vaccine. We included 107 SOT recipients vaccinated with a BNT162b2 vaccine. In participants with an interval of more than six months between the last two vaccine doses, we found a 1.34-fold change in GMC per month (95% CI 1.25-1.44), while we found a 1.09-fold change in GMC per month (95% CI 0.89-1.34) in participants with an interval of less than six months between the last two vaccine doses, resulting in a rate ratio of 0.82 (95% CI 0.66 to 1.01, p = 0.063). In conclusion, the administration of identical COVID-19 mRNA vaccine boosters within six months to SOT recipients may result in limited humoral immunogenicity of the last dose.
| S-EPMC11209529 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPatients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) are at high risk of severe COVID-19 infection. Additionally, their anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic treatment may cause immunosuppression. Nevertheless, their ability to mount an adequate immune response to messenger RNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines was not evaluated. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the humoral response after the BNT162b2 vaccine among idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients treated with antifibrotic therapy and among non-IPF ILD patients treated with anti-inflammatory therapy.MethodsWe conducted an observational prospective cohort study to evaluate the level of anti-spike (S-IgG) antibodies after two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine in patients with ILD. The cohort included 40 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) treated with anti-fibrotic therapy and 29 patients with non-IPF ILD treated with anti-inflammatory therapy. For S-IgG titer measurement, one serology test was drawn from all patients 4-6 months after the second vaccine dose. In addition a control group matched for age and sex was created from a healthy control cohort of 107 patients. The study was conducted in Rabin Medical Center (Israel) between June and August 2021.ResultsAll patients in the anti-fibrotic arm were seropositive (40/40), corresponding to the matched control group (P = 1.0). The anti-fibrotic arm had a significantly lower median antibody titer in comparison to the matched control group (361.10 [IQR, 207-811] AU/ml vs. 820.75 [IQR, 459-1313] AU/ml; P < 0.001). Only 48.3% (14/29) of patients in the anti-inflammatory arm were seropositive in comparison to 100% (29/29) in the healthy control group (P < 0.001). The anti-inflammatory arm had a significantly lower median antibody titer in comparison to the healthy control group (39.6 [IQR, 4.25-165] AU/ml vs. 970.1 [IQR, 505-1926] AU/ml; P < 0.001).ConclusionIPF patients treated with antifibrotic therapy mount an adequate immune response after 2 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, and maintain a 100% seropositivity rate 4-6 months after vaccination. However, their antibody titer was reduced in comparison to a healthy control group. Among patients with non-IPF ILD treated with anti-inflammatory therapy, 48% were seronegative 4-6 months after the second vaccine dose. Moreover, treatment with rituximab caused significant immunosuppression, even in comparison to other anti-inflammatory treatments.
| S-EPMC9433517 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mortality due to SARS-COV-2 infection in hemodialysis (HD) patients and kidney transplant recipients(KTRs) is high. Despite increased rates of administration of two doses of mRNA vaccines among these vulnerable populations, the adequacy of the respective generated immune responses is reported lower than general population, especially in KTRs. A third booster dose has been officially recommended in these immunocompromised patients while the humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-COV-2 vaccination remains to be elucidated in HD patients and KTRs. The aim of our study was to investigate the antibody (Ab) response status together with vaccine-induced alterations in circulating lymphocytes subsets, following the administration of three doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine in a cohort of maintenance HD patients and KTRs. METHOD The initial cohort of this prospective study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04932876) included 34 HD patients and 54 KTRs who received two doses of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech). Of this cohort, 24 HD patients and 30 KTRs, who remained free of SARS-CoV2 infection and receive a third dose 6 months after the second dose, were finally analyzed. Lymphocyte subpopulations, including B cells, CD4+and CD8+T cells as well as naïve and memory T lymphocytes subpopulations among others, were analyzed by flow cytometry at four time points, before vaccination (T0), before the second dose (T1), 2 weeks after the second dose (T2) and 2–3 weeks after the third dose (T3). The anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody (Ab) response was assessed by using the ARCHITECT IgG II Quant test (Abbott). Titers >50 arbitrary units (AU)/mL were considered positive for seroconversion at T1 and at T2 and T3. RESULTS Of the initial cohort 31 HD patients (91.8%) and 16 KTRs (29.6%) became seropositive at T2. Of the final cohort (24 HD and 30 KTRs), almost all HD patients (23, 96%) became seropositive since T2 and this finding remained at T3 (Figure 1). In KTRs the percentage of responders was doubled between T2 and T3, T2 9 KTRs (30%) versus T3 18 KTRs (60%) (Figure 1). KTRs who developed Ab at T1 ``respond'' better to the third dose, maximizing the levels of Ab. HD patients who became seropositive at T1 displayed higher CD19+B lymphocytes compared with their seronegative HD counterparts. In HD patients, a positive correlation was established between CD19+B cells counts and Ab titers at all time-points (P < 0.001). In KTRs, Ab at T1 showed an inverse correlation with T+B+NK at T1 (P = 0.006). T2-Ab showed inverse correlation with CD45RA+CD45RO at T0 (P = 0.01) and with CD3+at T3 (P = 0.02). T3-Ab showed positive correlation with CD3+CD16+56+at T2 (P = 0.003) and with CD3-CD16+56+at T3 (P = 0.01). CD19+at T3 correlated positively with Ab at T1 and T3 (P = 0.003 and P = 0.03, respectively). CONCLUSION Our study confirms the improved immunogenicity after the third dose of BNT162b2 vaccine in KTRs. The positive correlation between CD19+B cells and Ab in both groups of patients, more stable and constant in HD patients in comparison with KTR, possibly reflects successful humoral immunity. However, a big proportion of kidney patients remain at high risk for COVID-19 infection considering the new more transmissible variants such as the Omicron variant.
| S-EPMC9383945 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCompared with the general population, the immune response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines is lower in adult kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). However, data is limited for pediatric KTRs. In this study, we aimed to assess humoral and cellular immune responses to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in pediatric KTRs.MethodsThis multicenter, prospective, case-control study included 63 KTRs (37 male, aged 12-21 years), 19 dialysis patients, and 19 controls. Humoral (anti-SARS-CoV2 IgG, neutralizing Ab (nAb)) and cellular (interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA)) immune responses were assessed at least one month after two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine.ResultsAmong COVID-19 naïve KTRs (n = 46), 76.1% tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, 54.3% for nAb, and 63% for IGRA. Serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and nAb activity were significantly lower in KTRs compared to dialysis and control groups (p < 0.05 for all). Seropositivity in KTRs was independently associated with shorter transplant duration (p = 0.005), and higher eGFR (p = 0.007). IGRA titer was significantly lower than dialysis patients (p = 0.009). Twenty (43.4%) KTRs were positive for all immune parameters. Only four of 11 seronegative KTRs were IGRA-positive. COVID-19 recovered KTRs had significantly higher anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and nAb activity levels than COVID-19 naïve KTRs (p = 0.018 and p = 0.007, respectively).ConclusionsThe humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine are lower in pediatric KTRs compared to dialysis patients. Further prospective studies are required to demonstrate the clinical efficacy of the mRNA vaccine in KTRs. This prospective study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05465863, registered retrospectively at 20.07.2022). A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
| S-EPMC9716124 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8851742 | biostudies-literature
Project description:According to preliminary data, seroconversion after mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination might be unsatisfactory in Kidney Transplant Recipients (KTRs). However, it is unknown if seronegative patients develop at least a cellular response that could offer a certain grade of protection against SARS-CoV-2. To answer this question, we prospectively studied 148 recipients of either kidney (133) or kidney-pancreas (15) grafts with assessment of IgM/IgG spike (S) antibodies and ELISpot against the nucleocapside (N) and the S protein at baseline and 2 weeks after receiving the second dose of the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine. At baseline, 31 patients (20.9%) had either IgM/IgG or ELISpot positivity and were considered to be SARS-CoV-2-pre-immunized, while 117 (79.1%) patients had no signs of either cellular or humoral response and were considered SARS-CoV-2-naïve. After vaccination, naïve patients who developed either humoral or cellular response were finally 65.0%, of which 29.9% developed either IgG or IgM and 35.0% S-ELISpot positivity. Factors associated with vaccine unresponsiveness were diabetes and treatment with antithymocytes globulins during the last year. Side effects were consistent with that of the pivotal trial and no DSAs developed after vaccination. In conclusion, mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine elicits either cellular or humoral response in almost two thirds of KTRs.
| S-EPMC8222867 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThe aim of this prospective cohort study is to analyse the humoral and cellular vaccine responses in paediatric heart transplant recipients (HTR, n = 12), and compare it with the response in healthy controls (HC, n = 14). All participants were 5-18 years old and vaccinated with mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 between December 2021 and May 2022.MethodsThe humoral response was measured by quantifying antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-S). The T-lymphocyte phenotype and SARS-CoV2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell response was studied by multiparametric flow cytometry through peripheral blood mononuclear cells by the quantification of degranulation markers (CD107a) and intracellular cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2) after in vitro stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 peptides from structural proteins (S, M, N, E) and non-structural viral proteins.ResultsAfter vaccination, humoral response was found in all HTR, although they showed lower levels of anti-S IgG compared to HC (p = 0.003). However, in terms of cellular response, no significant differences were obtained in the prevalence of responders and magnitude of responses between groups. In addition, anti-S IgG levels directly correlated with a higher SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response (rho = 0.43; p = 0.027 and rho = 0.45; p = 0.02 for IFN-γ+ and TNF-α+ production of CD8+ T-cells, respectively). Activated T-cell phenotype in HTR was associated with a lower humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.ConclusionHTR had humoral response after vaccination, although they showed lower levels of specific anti-S antibodies compared to HC. There were no significant differences in the SARS-CoV2-specific cellular response between the two groups. Obtaining satisfactory data on this type of response could potentially challenge the current vaccine guideline recommendations.
| S-EPMC11758410 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesThe very rapidly approved mRNA-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, including Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2, are effective in protecting from severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in immunocompetent population. However, establishing the duration and identifying correlates of vaccine-induced protection will be crucial to optimise future immunisation strategies. Here, we studied in healthy vaccine recipients and people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), undergoing different therapies, the regulation of innate immune response by mRNA vaccination in order to correlate it with the magnitude of vaccine-induced protective humoral responses.MethodsHealthy subjects (n = 20) and matched pwMS (n = 22) were longitudinally sampled before and after mRNA vaccination. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-associated type I and II interferon (IFN)-inducible gene expression, serum innate cytokine/chemokine profile as well as binding and neutralising anti-SARS-COV-2 antibodies (Abs) were measured.ResultsWe identified an early immune module composed of the IFN-inducible genes Mx1, OAS1 and IRF1, the serum cytokines IL-15, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ and the chemokines IP-10, MCP-1 and MIG, induced 1 day post second and third BNT162b2 vaccine doses, strongly correlating with magnitude of humoral response to vaccination in healthy and MS vaccinees. Moreover, induction of the early immune module was dramatically affected in pwMS treated with fingolimod and ocrelizumab, both groups unable to induce a protective humoral response to COVID-19 vaccine.ConclusionOverall, this study suggests that the vaccine-induced early regulation of innate immunity is mediated by IFN signalling, impacts on the magnitude of adaptive responses and it might be indicative of vaccine-induced humoral protection.
| S-EPMC10036198 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Immune response to two SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine doses among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is limited. We aimed to evaluate humoral and cellular response to a third BNT162b2 dose. In this prospective study, 190 KTRs were evaluated before and ∼3 weeks after the third vaccine dose. The primary outcomes were anti-spike antibody level >4160 AU/ml (neutralization-associated cutoff) and any seropositivity. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify variables associated with antibody response. T-cell response was evaluated in a subset of participants. Results were compared to a control group of 56 healthcare workers. Among KTRs, we found a seropositivity rate of 70% (133/190) after the third dose (37%, 70/190, after the second vaccine dose); and 27% (52/190) achieved levels above 4160 AU/ml after the third dose, compared to 93% of controls. Variables associated with antibody response included higher antibody levels after the second dose (odds ratio [OR] 30.8 per log AU/ml, 95% confidence interval [CI]11-86.4, p < 0.001); and discontinuation of antimetabolite prior to vaccination (OR 9.1,95% CI 1.8-46.5, p = 0.008). T-cell response was demonstrated in 13% (7/53). In conclusion, third dose BNT162b2 improved immune response among KTRs, however 30% still remained seronegative. Pre-vaccination temporary immunosuppression reduction improved antibody response.
| S-EPMC9068869 | biostudies-literature