Myosin II and Arp2/3 cross-talk governs intracellular hydraulic pressure and lamellipodia formation.

ABSTRACT: Human fibroblasts can switch between lamellipodia-dependent and -independent migration mechanisms on two-dimensional surfaces and in three-dimensional (3D) matrices. RhoA GTPase activity governs the switch from low-pressure lamellipodia to high-pressure lobopodia in response to the physical structure of the 3D matrix. Inhibiting actomyosin contractility in these cells reduces intracellular pressure and reverts lobopodia to lamellipodial protrusions via an unknown mechanism. To test the hypothesis that high pressure physically prevents lamellipodia formation, we manipulated pressure by activating RhoA or changing the osmolarity of the extracellular environment and imaged cell protrusions. We find RhoA activity inhibits Rac1-mediated lamellipodia formation through two distinct pathways. Firs

SUBMITTER: Patel S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8101460 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature