Groundwater quality trend and trend reversal assessment in the European Water Framework Directive context: an example with nitrates in Italy.

ABSTRACT: Groundwater resources are of utmost importance in sustaining water related ecosystems, including humans. The long-lasting impacts from anthropogenic activities require early actions, owing to the natural time lag in groundwater formation and renewal. The European Union (EU) policy, within the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD), requires Member States to identify and reverse any significant and sustained upward trend in the concentration of pollutants, defining specific protection measures to be included in the River Basin Management Plans (RBMP). In Italy, official guidelines for trend and trend reversal assessment have been published recently. Statistical methods, such as the Mann-Kendall test for trend analysis and the Sen's method for estimating concentration scenario

SUBMITTER: Frollini E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8106612 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature