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Detection of intracellular monosodium urate crystals in gout synovial fluid using optical diffraction tomography.

ABSTRACT: Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) enables imaging of unlabeled intracellular components by measuring the three-dimensional (3D) refractive index (RI). We aimed to detect intracellular monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in synovial leukocytes derived from gout patients using ODT. The 3D RI values of the synthetic MSU crystals, measured by ODT, ranged between 1.383 and 1.440. After adding synthetic MSU crystals to a macrophage, RI tomograms were reconstructed using ODT, and the reconstructed RI tomograms discerned intracellular and extracellular MSU crystals. We observed unlabeled synthetic MSU crystal entry into the cytoplasm of a macrophage through time-lapse imaging. Furthermore, using gout patient-derived synovial leukocytes, we successfully obtained RI tomogram images of intracellular MSU crystals. The 3D RI identification of MSU crystals was verified with birefringence through polarization-sensitive ODT measurements. Together, our results provide evidence that this novel ODT can identify birefringent MSU crystals in synovial leukocytes of patients with gout.

SUBMITTER: Park S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8113554 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Detection of intracellular monosodium urate crystals in gout synovial fluid using optical diffraction tomography.

Park Sangwoo S Lee Lucy Eunju LE Kim Hanna H Kim Ji Eun JE Lee Seung Jun SJ Yoon Sunggyu S Shin Seungwoo S Kang Heemin H Park YongKeun Y Song Jason Jungsik JJ Lee Seongsoo S

Scientific reports 20210511 1

Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) enables imaging of unlabeled intracellular components by measuring the three-dimensional (3D) refractive index (RI). We aimed to detect intracellular monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in synovial leukocytes derived from gout patients using ODT. The 3D RI values of the synthetic MSU crystals, measured by ODT, ranged between 1.383 and 1.440. After adding synthetic MSU crystals to a macrophage, RI tomograms were reconstructed using ODT, and the reconstructed RI to ...[more]

PMID: 33976275

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Project description:Objective. To identify novel monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced mRNAs by transcript profiling of isolated murine air pouch membranes. Methods. Nine hours after injecting crystals into air pouches, membranes were meticulously dissected away from the adjacent soft tissues. mRNA expression differences between inflamed and control membranes were determined by oligonucleotide microarray analysis. Induction of selected mRNAs was validated by real-time relative quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qPCR) in pouch membranes and murine peritoneal macrophages. Results. Eleven of the 12 most highly upregulated mRNAs related to innate immunity and inflammation. They included mRNAs encoding histidine decarboxylase (the enzyme that synthesizes histamine), interleukin (IL)-6, the cell surface receptors PUMA-g and TREM-1, and the polypeptides Irg1 and PROK-2. MSU crystals induced dramatic rises in these mRNAs in the pouch membrane within 3-8 hours after the surge in pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-1beta and TNFalpha) and immediate early gene (Egr-1) transcription, which occurred 1h after crystal injection. MSU crystals induced these mRNAs in cultured macrophages with similar kinetics but lower fold changes. In keeping with their downregulation by MSU crystals according to the microarrays, qPCR confirmed that TREM-2 and granzyme D mRNAs decreased 79% and 94%, respectively, in MSU crystal inflamed membranes. Conclusions. This analysis disclosed several genes previously not implicated in MSU crystal inflammation. Their rise after the early surge in cytokine mRNAs suggests that they may, for instance, amplify or perpetuate inflammation. Transcript profiling of the isolated air pouch membrane promises to be a powerful tool to identify genes acting at different stages of inflammation. Experiment Overall Design: Mouse strain: female Balb/C, 6-8 weeks old Experiment Overall Design: Number of mice= 6. Experiment Overall Design: Air pouches raised on back for 7 days by injecting 2ml of sterile air. Experiment Overall Design: On day 7, injection of 1ml PBS or 2mg MSU crystals in 1ml PBS (n=3 each) Experiment Overall Design: 9 h after injection, dissection of the air pouch membranes from the adjacent soft tissues, RNA extraction with RNeasy columns. Pooling of RNA from the 3 control pouches or the 3 MSU crystal pouches. Processing and labeling of 5ug aliquots in the U Penn microarray core according to standard Affy protocols. Hybridization to Affy Mo430_2 oligonucleotide microarrays.

Dataset Information

Detection of intracellular monosodium urate crystals in gout synovial fluid using optical diffraction tomography.

Publications

Detection of intracellular monosodium urate crystals in gout synovial fluid using optical diffraction tomography.

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