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A Water Molecule Residing in the Fe_a3³⁺···Cu_B²⁺ Dinuclear Center of the Resting Oxidized as-Isolated Cytochrome c Oxidase: A Density Functional Study.

ABSTRACT: Although the dinuclear center (DNC) of the resting oxidized "as-isolated" cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) is not a catalytically active state, its detailed structure, especially the nature of the bridging species between the Fe_a3³⁺ and Cu_B²⁺ metal sites, is still both relevant and unsolved. Recent crystallographic work has shown an extended electron density for a peroxide type dioxygen species (O1-O2) bridging the Fe_a3 and Cu_B centers. In this paper, our density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the observed peroxide type electron density between the two metal centers is most likely a mistaken analysis due to overlap of the electron density of a water molecule located at different positions between apparent O1 and O2 sites in DNCs of different CcO molecules with almost the same energy. Because the diffraction pattern and the resulting electron density map represent the effective long-range order averaged over many molecules and unit cells in the X-ray structure, this averaging can lead to an apparent observed superposition of different water positions between the Fe_a3³⁺ and Cu_B²⁺ metal sites.

SUBMITTER: Han Du WG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8114904 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Water Molecule Residing in the Fea33+···CuB2+ Dinuclear Center of the Resting Oxidized as-Isolated Cytochrome c Oxidase: A Density Functional Study.

Han Du Wen-Ge WG McRee Duncan D Götz Andreas W AW Noodleman Louis L

Inorganic chemistry 20200611 13

Although the dinuclear center (DNC) of the resting oxidized "as-isolated" cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) is not a catalytically active state, its detailed structure, especially the nature of the bridging species between the Fea33+ and CuB2+ metal sites, is still both relevant and unsolved. Recent crystallographic work has shown an extended electron density for a peroxide type dioxygen species (O1-O2) bridging the Fea3 and CuB< ...[more]

PMID: 32525689

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Project description:The Fea3(3+)···CuB(2+) dinuclear center (DNC) structure of the as-isolated oxidized ba3 cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) from Thermus thermophilus (Tt) is still not fully understood. When the proteins are initially crystallized in the oxidized state, they typically become radiolyticly reduced through X-ray irradiation. Several X-ray crystal structures of reduced ba3 CcO from Tt are available. However, depending on whether the crystals were prepared in a lipidic cubic phase environment or in detergent micelles, and whether the CcO's were chemically or radiolyticly reduced, the X-ray diffraction analysis of the crystals showed different Fea3(2+)···CuB(+) DNC structures. On the other hand, Mössbauer spectroscopic experiments on reduced and oxidized ba3 CcOs from Tt (Zimmermann et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1988, 85, 5779-5783) revealed multiple (57)Fea3(2+) and (57)Fea3(3+) components. Moreover, one of the (57)Fea3(3+) components observed at 4.2 K transformed from a proposed "low-spin" state to a different high-spin species when the temperature was increased above 190 K, whereas the other high-spin (57)Fea3(3+) component remained unchanged. In the current Article, in order to understand the heterogeneities of the DNC in both Mössbauer spectra and X-ray crystal structures, the spin crossover of one of the (57)Fea3(3+) components, and how the coordination and spin states of the Fea3(3+/2+) and Cu(2+/1+) sites relate to the heterogeneity of the DNC structures, we have applied density functional OLYP calculations to the DNC clusters established based on the different X-ray crystal structures of ba3 CcO from Tt. As a result, specific oxidized and reduced DNC structures related to the observed Mössbauer spectra and to spectral changes with temperature have been proposed. Our calculations also show that, in certain intermediate states, the His233 and His283 ligand side chains may dissociate from the CuB(+) site, and they may become potential proton loading sites during the catalytic cycle.

Dataset Information

A Water Molecule Residing in the Fe_a3³⁺···Cu_B²⁺ Dinuclear Center of the Resting Oxidized as-Isolated Cytochrome c Oxidase: A Density Functional Study.

Publications

A Water Molecule Residing in the Fe<sub>a3</sub><sup>3+</sup>···Cu<sub>B</sub><sup>2+</sup> Dinuclear Center of the Resting Oxidized as-Isolated Cytochrome <i>c</i> Oxidase: A Density Functional Study.

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