Fusogenic oncolytic vaccinia virus enhances systemic antitumor immune response by modulating the tumor microenvironment.

ABSTRACT: Oncolytic viruses induce antitumor immunity following direct viral oncolysis. However, their therapeutic effects are limited in distant untreated tumors because their antitumor function depends on indirect antitumor immunity. Here, we generated a novel fusogenic oncolytic vaccinia virus (FUVAC) and compared its antitumor activity with that of its parental non-fusogenic virus. Compared with the parent, FUVAC exerted the cytopathic effect and induced immunogenic cell death in human and murine cancer cells more efficiently. In a bilateral tumor-bearing syngeneic mouse model, FUVAC administration significantly inhibited tumor growth in both treated and untreated tumors. However, its antitumor effects were completely suppressed by CD8⁺ T cell depletion. Notably, FUVAC reduced the num

SUBMITTER: Nakatake M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8116573 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature