An update on the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstone disease.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose of review

Gallstone disease is a major epidemiologic and economic burden worldwide, and the most frequent form is cholesterol gallstone disease.

Recent findings

Major pathogenetic factors for cholesterol gallstones include a genetic background, hepatic hypersecretion of cholesterol, and supersaturated bile which give life to precipitating cholesterol crystals that accumulate and grow in a sluggish gallbladder. Additional factors include mucin and inflammatory changes in the gallbladder, slow intestinal motility, increased intestinal absorption of cholesterol, and altered gut microbiota. Mechanisms of disease are linked with insulin resistance, obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. The role of nuclear receptors, signaling pathways, gut microbiota, and

SUBMITTER: Di Ciaula A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8118137 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature