Persistence of immunoglobulin G after natural infection with SARS‐CoV‐2
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kreuzberger N
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8128357 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:ObjectiveNeutralizing antibodies are among the factors used to measure an individual's immune status for the control of infectious diseases. We aimed to confirm the persistence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibody levels in patients who had recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsPlasma donors in South Korea who had completely recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection had follow-up testing to determine the persistence of neutralizing antibodies using a plaque-reduction neutralization test and ELISA.ResultsOf the 111 participants-aged 20-29 years, 37/111 (33.3%); 30-39 years, 17/111 (15.3%); 40-49 years, 23/111 (20.7%); 50-59 years, 21/111 (18.9%); 60-65 years, 13/111 (11.7%); male, 43/111 (38.7%); female, 68/111 (61.3%)-66.1% still had neutralizing antibodies approximately 9 months (range 255-302 days) after confirmation of the diagnosis.ConclusionsIn this study we analysed the titre of neutralizing antibodies associated with predicting immune status in individuals with natural infection. Information about the persistence and change in levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 can be utilized to provide evidence for developing vaccination schedules for individuals with previous infection.
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Project description:Dysregulated immune responses contribute to the excessive and uncontrolled inflammation observed in severe COVID-19. However, how immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is induced and regulated remains unclear. Here we uncover a role of the complement system in the induction of innate and adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Complement rapidly opsonizes SARS-CoV-2 particles via the lectin pathway. Complement-opsonized SARS-CoV-2 efficiently induces type-I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses via activation of dendritic cells, which are inhibited by antibodies against the complement receptors (CR) 3 and 4. Serum from COVID-19 patients, or monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, attenuate innate and adaptive immunity induced by complement-opsonized SARS-CoV-2. Blocking of CD32, the FcγRII antibody receptor of dendritic cells, restores complement-induced immunity. These results suggest that opsonization of SARS-CoV-2 by complement is involved in the induction of innate and adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the acute phase of infection. Subsequent antibody responses limit inflammation and restore immune homeostasis. These findings suggest that dysregulation of the complement system and FcγRII signaling may contribute to severe COVID-19.
| S-SCDT-10_1038-S44318-024-00061-0 | biostudies-other
Project description:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a considerable threat to public health and global economies. SARS-CoV-2 has largely affected a vast world population and was declared a COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, with a substantial surge of SARS-CoV-2 infection affecting all aspects of the virus' natural course of infection and immunity. The cross-reactivity between the different coronaviruses is still a knowledge gap in the understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This study aimed to investigate the impact of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 viral infections on immunoglobulin-IgG cross-reactivity. Our retrospective cohort study hypothesized the possible reactivation of immunity in individuals with a history of infection to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) when infected with SARS-CoV-2. The total number of participants included was 34; among them, 22 (64.7%) were males, and 12 (35.29%) were females. The mean age of the participants was 40.3 ± 12.9 years. This study compared immunoglobulin (IgG) levels against SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV across various groups with various histories of infection. The results showed that a reactive borderline IgG against both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in participants with past infection to both viruses was 40% compared with 37.5% among those with past infection with MERS-CoV alone. Our study results establish that individuals infected with both SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV showed higher MERS-CoV IgG levels compared with those of individuals infected previously with MERS-CoV alone and compared with those of individuals in the control. The results further highlight cross-adaptive immunity between MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. Our study concludes that individuals with previous infections with both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 showed significantly higher MERS-CoV IgG levels compared with those of individuals infected only with MERS-CoV and compared with those of individuals in the control, suggesting cross-adaptive immunity between MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV.
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Project description:HAE cultures were infected with SARS-CoV, SARS-dORF6 or SARS-BatSRBD and were directly compared to A/CA/04/2009 H1N1 influenza-infected cultures. Cell samples were collected at various hours post-infection for analysis. Time Points = 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hrs post-infection for SARS-CoV, SARS-dORF6 and SARS-BatSRBD. Time Points = 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 hrs post-infection for H1N1. Done in triplicate or quadruplicate for RNA Triplicates/quadruplicates are defined as 3/4 different wells, plated at the same time and using the same cell stock for all replicates. Time matched mocks done in triplicate from same cell stock as rest of samples. Culture medium (the same as what the virus stock is in) will be used for the mock infections. Infection was done at an MOI of 2.
2013-07-31 | E-GEOD-47960 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:HAE cultures were infected with SARS-CoV, SARS-ddORF6 or SARS-BatSRBD and were directly compared to A/CA/04/2009 H1N1 influenza-infected cultures. Cell samples were collected at various hours post-infection for analysis. Time Points = 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hrs post-infection for SARS-CoV. Time Points = 0, 24, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hrs post-infection forSARS-ddORF6 and SARS-BatSRBD. Time Points = 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 hrs post-infection for H1N1. Done in triplicate/quadruplicate for RNA Triplicates/quadruplicates are defined as 3/4 different wells, plated at the same time and using the same cell stock for all replicates. Time matched mocks done in triplicate from same cell stock as rest of samples. Culture medium (the same as what the virus stock is in) will be used for the mock infections. Infection was done at an MOI of 2.
2013-07-31 | E-GEOD-47961 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:HAE cultures were infected with SARS-CoV, SARS-dORF6 or SARS-BatSRBD and were directly compared to A/CA/04/2009 H1N1 influenza-infected cultures. Cell samples were collected at various hours post-infection for analysis. Time Points = 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hrs post-infection for SARS-CoV, SARS-dORF6 and SARS-BatSRBD. Time Points = 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 hrs post-infection for H1N1. Done in triplicate for RNA Triplicates are defined as 3 different wells, plated at the same time and using the same cell stock for all replicates. Time matched mocks done in triplicate from same cell stock as rest of samples. Culture medium (the same as what the virus stock is in) will be used for the mock infections. Infection was done at an MOI of 2 for SARS viruses and an MOI of 1 for H1N1.
2013-07-31 | E-GEOD-47962 | biostudies-arrayexpress