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A universal strategy towards high-energy aqueous multivalent-ion batteries.


ABSTRACT: Rechargeable multivalent metal (e.g., Ca, Mg or, Al) batteries are ideal candidates for large-scale electrochemical energy storage due to their intrinsic low cost. However, their practical application is hampered by the low electrochemical reversibility, dendrite growth at the metal anodes, sluggish multivalent-ion kinetics in metal oxide cathodes and, poor electrode compatibility with non-aqueous organic-based electrolytes. To circumvent these issues, here we report various aqueous multivalent-ion batteries comprising of concentrated aqueous gel electrolytes, sulfur-containing anodes and, high-voltage metal oxide cathodes as alternative systems to the non-aqueous multivalent metal batteries. This rationally designed aqueous battery chemistry enables satisfactory specific energy, favorable reversibility and improved safety. As a demonstration model, we report a room-temperature calcium-ion/sulfur| |metal oxide full cell with a specific energy of 110 Wh kg-1 and remarkable cycling stability. Molecular dynamics modeling and experimental investigations reveal that the side reactions could be significantly restrained through the suppressed water activity and formation of a protective inorganic solid electrolyte interphase. The unique redox chemistry of the multivalent-ion system is also demonstrated for aqueous magnesium-ion/sulfur||metal oxide and aluminum-ion/sulfur||metal oxide full cells.

SUBMITTER: Tang X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8128864 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A universal strategy towards high-energy aqueous multivalent-ion batteries.

Tang Xiao X   Zhou Dong D   Zhang Bao B   Wang Shijian S   Li Peng P   Liu Hao H   Guo Xin X   Jaumaux Pauline P   Gao Xiaochun X   Fu Yongzhu Y   Wang Chengyin C   Wang Chunsheng C   Wang Guoxiu G  

Nature communications 20210517 1


Rechargeable multivalent metal (e.g., Ca, Mg or, Al) batteries are ideal candidates for large-scale electrochemical energy storage due to their intrinsic low cost. However, their practical application is hampered by the low electrochemical reversibility, dendrite growth at the metal anodes, sluggish multivalent-ion kinetics in metal oxide cathodes and, poor electrode compatibility with non-aqueous organic-based electrolytes. To circumvent these issues, here we report various aqueous multivalent-  ...[more]

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