Dataset Information

Diagnostic Accuracy of HemotypeSC as a Point-of-Care Testing Device for Sickle Cell Disease: Findings from a Southwestern State in Nigeria and Implications for Patient Care in Resource-Poor Settings of sub-Saharan Africa.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine the performance of a rapid, point-of-care testing device (HemotypeSC)™ for diagnosing sickle cell disease (SCD) relative to 2 commonly-used methods compared to DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as the reference standard. The diagnostic performance of (HemotypeSC)™ in diagnosing SCD and determining various other Hb genotypes relative to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and cellulose acetate Hb electrophoresis in alkaline buffer (CAE) was investigated among 156 participants aged 4 to 23 years in Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria. PCR was considered as the reference method/gold standard. The sensitivity and specificity for SS, SC, AS, AC, and AA genotypes by HemotypeSC and HPLC when compared with PCR, were each 100%. Similarly, their positive and negative predictive values were each 100%. However, sensitivity and specificity for identifying these Hb genotypes by CAE were 100, 100, 96.5, 0, 99.2%, and 99, 100, 92.9, 0, 91.7%. Also, CAE did not identify any of the 2 HbAC individuals that were correctly identified by PCR and both HemotypeSC, and HPLC, thus representing 100% HbAC misdiagnosis. In conclusion, this study shows that HemotypeSC has perfect concordance with PCR and 100% accuracy in diagnosing SCD in the population tested. Its ease of use, accuracy and other attributes make it suitable for use in sub-Saharan Africa for rapid determination of Hb genotypes.

SUBMITTER: Olatunya OS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8138286 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diagnostic Accuracy of HemotypeSC as a Point-of-Care Testing Device for Sickle Cell Disease: Findings from a Southwestern State in Nigeria and Implications for Patient Care in Resource-Poor Settings of sub-Saharan Africa.

Olatunya Oladele S OS Albuquerque Dulcinea M DM Fagbamigbe Adeniyi F AF Faboya Opeyemi A OA Ajibola Ayotunde E AE Babalola Oluwatoyin A OA Adebisi Adewale O AO Falusi Adeyinka G AG Adekile Adekunle A Costa Fernando F FF

Global pediatric health 20210519

This study aimed to determine the performance of a rapid, point-of-care testing device (HemotypeSC)™ for diagnosing sickle cell disease (SCD) relative to 2 commonly-used methods compared to DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as the reference standard. The diagnostic performance of (HemotypeSC)™ in diagnosing SCD and determining various other Hb genotypes relative to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and cellulose acetate Hb electrophoresis in alkaline buffer (CAE) was investigated a ...[more]

PMID: 34046518

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Project description:ObjectiveAbout 50%-60% of all cancer cases will require radiotherapy during their treatment. Nonetheless, radiotherapy facilities are limited in low- and middle-income countries and despite high cancer burden in these regions of the world, only 5% have access to radiation therapy. This study identified the location of radiotherapy centers, the types of radiotherapy machines available and the personnel available in each radiotherapy center in Nigeria.MethodsA cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria from May 2020 to April 2021. A questionnaire having sections on facility profile, status of facility, and human resources, was used to elucidate information for the study. Descriptive statistics (frequency and proportion) were used to describe facilities' characteristics, status, and human resources available.ResultsOut of nine radiotherapy centers evaluated, the majority 33.3% (n = 3) were found in the southwest geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Out of 10 equipment and accessories evaluated for availability, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital and University of Benin Teaching Hospital had the highest number of available equipment and accessories 90% (n = 9) each respectively. Out of the nine centers evaluated, only four centers had at least one functional equipment. The highest number 64.3% (n = 9) out of the 14 required number of staff in each center was found at University College Hospital. Out of 31 medical physicists identified, the majority 22.6% (n = 7) was found at University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital.ConclusionA high percentage of radiotherapy centers in Nigeria lacks the equipment and manpower to function optimally and is located within the southwest geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Therefore, proper investment in the radiotherapy service through private-public partnership, staff training, and equipment upgrade and maintenance could substantially improve the state of cancer care.

Project description:Underfunded healthcare infrastructures in low-resource settings in sub-Saharan Africa have resulted in a lack of medical devices crucial to provide healthcare for all. A representative example of this scenario is medical devices to administer paracervical blocks during gynaecological procedures. Devices needed for this procedure are usually unavailable or expensive. Without these devices, providing paracervical blocks for women in need is impossible resulting in compromising the quality of care for women requiring gynaecological procedures such as loop electrosurgical excision, treatment of miscarriage, or incomplete abortion. In that perspective, interventions that can be integrated into the healthcare system in low-resource settings to provide women needing paracervical blocks remain urgent. Based on a context-specific approach while leveraging circular economy design principles, this research catalogues the development of a new medical device called Chloe SED® that can be used to support the provision of paracervical blocks. Chloe SED®, priced at US$ 1.5 per device when produced in polypropylene, US$ 10 in polyetheretherketone, and US$ 15 in aluminium, is attached to any 10-cc syringe in low-resource settings to provide paracervical blocks. The device is designed for durability, repairability, maintainability, upgradeability, and recyclability to address environmental sustainability issues in the healthcare domain. Achieving the design of Chloe SED® from a context-specific and circular economy approach revealed correlations between the material choice to manufacture the device, the device's initial cost, product durability and reuse cycle, reprocessing method and cost, and environmental impact. These correlations can be seen as interconnected conflicting or divergent trade-offs that need to be continually assessed to deliver a medical device that provides healthcare for all with limited environmental impact. The study findings are intended to be seen as efforts to make available medical devices to support women's access to reproductive health services.

Project description:BackgroundAccurate diagnosis of anemia by community workers using a point-of-care device is a challenge. The objective of the study was to establish the diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care devices for detecting anemia in community settings.MethodsIt was diagnostic accuracy study with cross-sectional design on adult patients attending the outpatient department of rural/ urban health centres of Medical colleges from India. The index tests were HemoCue, TrueHb, Massimo's device and spectroscopic device, compared against autoanalyzer (gold standard). Accuracy was expressed by sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, predictive values, area under the curve (AUC) and levels of agreement. For the diagnostic accuracy component, 1407 participants were recruited with a minimum of 600 for each device. An additional 200 participants were considered to elucidate the performance of devices in different weather conditions.ResultsHemoCue and TrueHb performed better than Massimo and spectroscopic devices. Detection of anemia by technicians was similar between TrueHb and HemoCue (AUC 0.92 v/s 0.90, p > 0.05). Community workers performed better with Hemocue for detecting anemia compared to TrueHb (AUC 0.92 v/s 0.90, p < 0.05). For detection of severe anemia, accuracy of TrueHb was significantly better with technicians (AUC 0.91 v/s 0.70; p < 0.05) and community workers (AUC 0.91 v/s 0.73; p < 0.05). HemoCue showed a bias or mean difference (95%CI) of 0.47 g/dl (0.42, 0.52) for all values, and 0.92 g/dl (0.82, 1.03) for severe anemia. For TrueHb, it was - 0.28 g/dl (- 0.37, - 0.20) for all readings, and 0.06 g/dl (- 0.52, 0.63) for severe anemia. TrueHb appeared to be more consistent across different weather conditions, although it overestimated Hb in extreme cold weather conditions.ConclusionFor detection of anemia, True Hb and HemoCue were comparable. For severe anemia, True Hb seemed to be a better and feasible point-of-care device for detecting anemia in the community settings.

Dataset Information

Diagnostic Accuracy of HemotypeSC as a Point-of-Care Testing Device for Sickle Cell Disease: Findings from a Southwestern State in Nigeria and Implications for Patient Care in Resource-Poor Settings of sub-Saharan Africa.

Publications

Diagnostic Accuracy of HemotypeSC as a Point-of-Care Testing Device for Sickle Cell Disease: Findings from a Southwestern State in Nigeria and Implications for Patient Care in Resource-Poor Settings of sub-Saharan Africa.

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