Dataset Information

Effect of Protein Intake on Visceral Abdominal Fat and Metabolic Biomarkers in Older Men With Functional Limitations: Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial.

ABSTRACT:

Background

It remains controversial whether high protein diets improve cardiometabolic profile. We investigated whether increasing protein intake to 1.3 g/kg/day in functionally limited older adults with usual protein intake ≤RDA (0.8 g/kg/day) improves visceral fat accumulation and serum cardiovascular risk markers more than the recommended daily allowance (RDA).

Methods

The Optimizing Protein Intake in Older Men Trial was a placebo-controlled, randomized trial in which 92 functionally limited men, ≥65 years, with usual protein intake ≤RDA were randomized for 6 months to: 0.8 g/kg/day protein plus placebo; 1.3 g/kg/day protein plus placebo; 0.8 g/kg/day protein plus testosterone enanthate 100 mg weekly; or 1.3 g/kg/day protein plus testosterone enanthate 100 mg weekly. In this substudy, metabolic and inflammatory serum markers were measured in 77 men, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in 56 men.

Results

Treatment groups were similar in their baseline characteristics. Randomization to 1.3 g/kg/day protein group was associated with greater reduction in VAT compared to 0.8 g/kg/day group (between-group difference: -17.3 cm2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -29.7 to -4.8 cm2, p = .008), regardless of whether they received testosterone or placebo. Changes in fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, leptin, adiponectin, IL-6, and hs-CRP did not differ between the 0.8 versus 1.3 g/kg/day protein groups regardless of testosterone use.

Conclusions

Protein intake >RDA decreased VAT in functionally limited older men but did not improve cardiovascular disease risk markers.

Clinical trials registration number

NCT01275365.

SUBMITTER: Huang G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8140050 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Effect of Protein Intake on Visceral Abdominal Fat and Metabolic Biomarkers in Older Men With Functional Limitations: Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Huang Grace G Pencina Karol K Li Zhuoying Z Apovian Caroline M CM Travison Thomas G TG Storer Thomas W TW Gagliano-Jucá Thiago T Basaria Shehzad S Bhasin Shalender S

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 20210501 6

<h4>Background</h4>It remains controversial whether high protein diets improve cardiometabolic profile. We investigated whether increasing protein intake to 1.3 g/kg/day in functionally limited older adults with usual protein intake ≤RDA (0.8 g/kg/day) improves visceral fat accumulation and serum cardiovascular risk markers more than the recommended daily allowance (RDA).<h4>Methods</h4>The Optimizing Protein Intake in Older Men Trial was a placebo-controlled, randomized trial in which 92 functi ...[more]

PMID: 33417663

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Flavonoid intake modifies the composition of the gut microbiome, which contributes to the metabolism of flavonoids. Few studies have examined the contribution of the gut microbiome to the health benefits associated with flavonoid intake. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to examine associations between habitual intakes of flavonoid subclasses and MRI-determined visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue. Uniquely, we also identified associations between the aforementioned measurements and gut microbiome composition sequenced from 16S ribosomal RNA genes. METHODS:We undertook cross-sectional analyses of 618 men and women (n = 368 male), aged 25-83 y, from the PopGen cohort. RESULTS:Higher intake of anthocyanins was associated with lower amounts of VAT [tertile (T)3-T1: -0.49 dm3; β: -8.9%; 95% CI: -16.2%, -1.1%; P = 0.03] and VAT:SAT ratio (T3-T1: -0.04; β: -7.1%; 95% CI: -13.5%, -0.3%; P = 0.03). Higher intakes of anthocyanin-rich foods were also inversely associated with VAT [quantile (Q)4-Q1: -0.39 dm3; β: -9.9%; 95% CI: -17.4%, -1.6%; P = 0.02] and VAT:SAT ratio (Q4-Q1: -0.04; β: -6.5%; 95% CI: -13.3%, -0.9%; P = 0.03). Participants with the highest intakes of anthocyanin-rich foods also had higher microbial diversity (Q4-Q1: β: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.31; P < 0.01), higher abundances of Clostridiales (Q4-Q1: β: 449; 95% CI: 96.3, 801; P = 0.04) and Ruminococcaceae (Q4-Q1: β: 313; 95% CI: 33.6, 591; P = 0.04), and lower abundance of Clostridium XIVa (Q4-Q1: β: -41.1; 95% CI: -72.4, -9.8; P = 0.04). Participants with the highest microbial diversity, abundances of Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae, and lower abundance of Clostridium XIVa had lower amounts of VAT. Up to 18.5% of the association between intake of anthocyanin-rich foods and VAT could be explained by the gut microbiome. CONCLUSIONS:These novel data suggest that higher microbial diversity and abundance of specific taxa in the Clostridiales order may contribute to the association between higher intake of anthocyanins and lower abdominal adipose tissue.

Dataset Information

Effect of Protein Intake on Visceral Abdominal Fat and Metabolic Biomarkers in Older Men With Functional Limitations: Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Clinical trials registration number

Publications

Effect of Protein Intake on Visceral Abdominal Fat and Metabolic Biomarkers in Older Men With Functional Limitations: Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial.

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