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Ethylene-regulated immature fruit abscission is associated with higher expression of CoACO genes in Camellia oleifera.

ABSTRACT: Immature fruit abscission is a key limiting factor in Camellia oleifera Abel. (C. oleifera) yield. Ethylene is considered to be an important phytohormone in regulating fruit abscission. However, the molecular mechanism of ethylene in regulating fruit abscission in C. oleifera has not yet been studied. Here, we found that the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content was significantly increased in the abscission zones (AZs) of abnormal fruits (AF) which were about to abscise when compared with normal fruits (NF) in C. oleifera 'Huashuo'. Furthermore, exogenous ethephon treatment stimulated fruit abscission. The cumulative rates of fruit abscission in ethephon-treated fruits (ETH-F) on the 4th (35.0%), 8th (48.7%) and 16th (57.7%) days after treatment (DAT) were significantly higher than the control. The ACC content and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO) activity in AZs of ETH-F were also significantly increased when compared with NF on the 4th and 8th DAT. CoACO1 and CoACO2 were isolated in C. oleifera for the first time. The expressions of CoACO1 and CoACO2 were considerably upregulated in AZs of AF and ETH-F. This study suggested that ethylene played an important role in immature fruit abscission of C. oleifera and the two CoACOs were the critical genes involved in ethylene's regulatory role.

SUBMITTER: Hu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8170184 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ethylene-regulated immature fruit abscission is associated with higher expression of CoACO genes in Camellia oleifera.

Hu Xiao X Yang Mi M Gong Shoufu S Li Hongbo H Zhang Jian J Sajjad Muhammad M Ma Xiaoling X Yuan Deyi D

Royal Society open science 20210602 6

Immature fruit abscission is a key limiting factor in Camellia oleifera Abel. (C. oleifera) yield. Ethylene is considered to be an important phytohormone in regulating fruit abscission. However, the molecular mechanism of ethylene in regulating fruit abscission in C. oleifera has not yet been studied. Here, we found that the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content was significantly increased in the abscission zones (AZs) of abnormal fruits (AF) which were about t ...[more]

PMID: 34109038

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Project description:BackgroundCamellia oleifera, an essential woody oil tree in China, propagates through grafting. However, in production, it has been found that the interaction between rootstocks and scions may affect fruit characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to predict fruit characteristics after grafting to identify suitable rootstock types.MethodsThis study used Deep Neural Network (DNN) methods to analyze the impact of 106 6-year-old grafting combinations on the characteristics of C.oleifera, including fruit and seed characteristics, and fatty acids. The prediction of characteristics changes after grafting was explored to provide technical support for the cultivation and screening of specialized rootstocks. After determining the unsaturated fat acids, palmitoleic acid C16:1, cis-11 eicosenoic acid C20:1, oleic acid C18:1, linoleic acid C18:2, linolenic acid C18:3, kernel oil content, fruit height, fruit diameter, fresh fruit weight, pericarp thickness, fresh seed weight, and the number of fresh seeds, the DNN method was used to calculate and analyze the model. The model was screened using the comprehensive evaluation index of Mean Absolute Error (MAPE), determinate correlation R2 and and time consumption.ResultsWhen using 36 neurons in 3 hidden layers, the deep neural network model had a MAPE of less than or equal to 16.39% on the verification set and less than or equal to 13.40% on the test set. Compared with traditional machine learning methods such as support vector machines and random forests, the DNN method demonstrated more accurate predictions for fruit phenotypic characteristics, with MAPE improvement rates of 7.27 and 3.28 for the 12 characteristics on the test set and maximum R2 improvement values of 0.19 and 0.33. In conclusion, the DNN method developed in this study can effectively predict the oil content and fruit phenotypic characteristics of C. oleifera, providing a valuable tool for predicting the impact of grafting combinations on the fruit of C. oleifera.

Dataset Information

Ethylene-regulated immature fruit abscission is associated with higher expression of CoACO genes in Camellia oleifera.

Publications

Ethylene-regulated immature fruit abscission is associated with higher expression of <i>CoACO</i> genes in <i>Camellia oleifera</i>.

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